Europe & Central Asia · High income
Italy: the economy in numbers
Per person: $43,309, or $62,803 at purchasing power parity. Population: 58.9 million (2025).
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #9 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +0.8%.
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $458 billion in 1960, $2.55 trillion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $9,118 per person in 1960, $43,309 in 2025.
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 1.0% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 8 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose by 63.4% from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 21.1% in 1980.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1988: 154.4% of GDP in 2020. IMF forecast for 2031: 135.6%.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2014 listed domestic companies were worth $587 billion, or 27.0% of GDP.
Population
1960: 50.2 million · 2025: 58.9 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 10.1% · 2025: 6.4%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 69.1 years · 2024: 84.0 years.
Exports of goods and services
1970: 15.1% · 2025: 32.2%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 0.6%f | 2.0%f | 135.6%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 0.6%f | 2.0%f | 135.8%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 0.6%f | 2.0%f | 136.2%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 0.7%f | 2.3%f | 137.0%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 0.6%f | 2.8%f | 137.6%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 0.8%f | 3.3%f | 137.9%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $2.55T | $43,309 | $62,803 | 0.5% | 1.5% | 137.1% | 58.9M | 6.4% | 32.2% | ||
| 2024 | $2.38T | $40,430 | $62,293 | 0.8% | 1.0% | 134.7% | 59M | 6.5% | 84.0 | 32.3% | |
| 2023 | $2.32T | $39,280 | $60,350 | 0.9% | 5.6% | 133.9% | 59M | 7.6% | 83.4 | 33.3% | |
| 2022 | $2.1T | $35,654 | $57,261 | 4.8% | 8.2% | 138.4% | 59M | 8.1% | 82.7 | 35.1% | |
| 2021 | $2.18T | $36,853 | $49,825 | 8.9% | 1.9% | 145.8% | 59.1M | 9.5% | 82.6 | 31.2% | |
| 2020 | $1.91T | $32,091 | $44,436 | −8.9% | −0.1% | 154.4% | 59.4M | 9.2% | 82.2 | 28.7% | |
| 2019 | $2.02T | $33,813 | $46,662 | 0.4% | 0.6% | 133.9% | 59.7M | 9.9% | 83.5 | 30.9% | |
| 2018 | $2.1T | $35,062 | $43,583 | 0.8% | 1.1% | 134.2% | 59.9M | 10.5% | 83.3 | 30.8% | |
| 2017 | $1.97T | $32,844 | $42,142 | 1.6% | 1.2% | 133.7% | 60M | 11.2% | 82.9 | 30.1% | |
| 2016 | $1.89T | $31,392 | $40,483 | 1.2% | −0.1% | 134.2% | 60.1M | 11.7% | 83.2 | 28.8% | |
| 2015 | $1.85T | $30,640 | $37,384 | 0.9% | 0.0% | 134.8% | 60.2M | 11.9% | 82.5 | 29.1% | |
| 2014 | $2.17T | $36,028 | $36,666 | −0.0% | 0.2% | 134.8% | 60.3M | 12.7% | 27.0% | 83.1 | 28.6% |
| 2013 | $2.15T | $35,702 | $36,459 | −1.8% | 1.2% | 131.9% | 60.3M | 12.1% | 28.6% | 82.7 | 28.2% |
| 2012 | $2.1T | $34,854 | $36,281 | −3.1% | 3.0% | 125.9% | 60.2M | 10.7% | 23.0% | 82.2 | 28.0% |
| 2011 | $2.31T | $38,432 | $36,392 | 0.7% | 2.8% | 119.1% | 60M | 8.4% | 18.7% | 82.2 | 26.6% |
| 2010 | $2.14T | $35,857 | $34,974 | 1.5% | 1.5% | 118.8% | 59.8M | 8.4% | 24.9% | 82.0 | 24.9% |
| 2009 | $2.21T | $37,100 | $34,502 | −5.3% | 0.8% | 116.1% | 59.6M | 7.7% | 29.7% | 81.6 | 22.3% |
| 2008 | $2.42T | $40,829 | $35,422 | −1.0% | 3.3% | 105.8% | 59.2M | 6.7% | 21.6% | 81.5 | 26.7% |
| 2007 | $2.22T | $37,826 | $34,108 | 1.5% | 1.8% | 103.5% | 58.8M | 6.1% | 48.3% | 81.4 | 27.2% |
| 2006 | $1.96T | $33,537 | $32,454 | 1.8% | 2.1% | 106.3% | 58.4M | 6.8% | 52.4% | 81.3 | 26.1% |
| 2005 | $1.86T | $32,063 | $30,138 | 0.8% | 2.0% | 106.2% | 58.2M | 7.7% | 42.8% | 80.8 | 24.5% |
| 2004 | $1.81T | $31,348 | $29,581 | 1.5% | 2.2% | 104.7% | 57.8M | 7.9% | 43.6% | 80.8 | 23.9% |
| 2003 | $1.58T | $27,578 | $29,249 | 0.1% | 2.7% | 105.1% | 57.4M | 8.9% | 38.8% | 80.0 | 23.2% |
| 2002 | $1.28T | $22,451 | $28,833 | 0.3% | 2.5% | 105.9% | 57.1M | 9.2% | 37.2% | 80.2 | 24.3% |
| 2001 | $1.17T | $20,570 | $28,134 | 2.0% | 2.8% | 108.5% | 57M | 9.6% | 45.0% | 80.1 | 25.6% |
| 2000 | $1.15T | $20,190 | $27,152 | 3.9% | 2.5% | 108.7% | 56.9M | 10.8% | 66.8% | 79.8 | 25.6% |
| 1999 | $1.26T | $22,050 | $25,655 | 1.7% | 1.7% | 113.1% | 56.9M | 11.7% | 58.0% | 79.4 | 23.2% |
| 1998 | $1.27T | $22,365 | $25,075 | 1.8% | 2.0% | 113.9% | 56.9M | 12.1% | 0.0% | 79.0 | 24.0% |
| 1997 | $1.24T | $21,884 | $23,937 | 1.9% | 2.0% | 116.5% | 56.9M | 12.0% | 27.7% | 78.8 | 24.1% |
| 1996 | $1.31T | $23,123 | $23,101 | 1.3% | 4.0% | 118.9% | 56.9M | 11.9% | 19.5% | 78.5 | 23.7% |
| 1995 | $1.18T | $20,712 | $22,446 | 2.9% | 5.2% | 119.1% | 56.8M | 11.7% | 17.8% | 78.2 | 24.6% |
| 1994 | $1.1T | $19,382 | $21,369 | 2.2% | 4.1% | 130.8% | 56.8M | 11.1% | 16.9% | 77.9 | 21.8% |
| 1993 | $1.07T | $18,782 | $20,485 | −0.9% | 4.6% | 124.1% | 56.8M | 10.2% | 13.6% | 77.7 | 20.4% |
| 1992 | $1.32T | $23,297 | $20,196 | 0.8% | 5.3% | 113.0% | 56.8M | 9.3% | 9.3% | 77.4 | 17.4% |
| 1991 | $1.25T | $22,007 | $19,596 | 1.5% | 6.3% | 105.3% | 56.8M | 10.1% | 13.2% | 77.0 | 17.0% |
| 1990 | $1.18T | $20,874 | $18,680 | 2.0% | 6.5% | 101.7% | 56.7M | 12.6% | 77.0 | 18.2% | |
| 1989 | $931B | $16,424 | 3.4% | 6.3% | 98.4% | 56.7M | 18.2% | 76.8 | 18.5% | ||
| 1988 | $894B | $15,781 | 4.2% | 5.1% | 95.7% | 56.6M | 15.2% | 76.4 | 17.5% | ||
| 1987 | $808B | $14,268 | 3.2% | 4.7% | 56.6M | 14.9% | 76.2 | 17.9% | |||
| 1986 | $642B | $11,341 | 2.9% | 5.8% | 56.6M | 21.8% | 75.8 | 18.7% | |||
| 1985 | $453B | $8,009 | 2.8% | 9.2% | 56.6M | 12.8% | 75.5 | 21.1% | |||
| 1984 | $439B | $7,758 | 3.2% | 10.8% | 56.6M | 5.9% | 75.4 | 21.0% | |||
| 1983 | $444B | $7,851 | 1.2% | 14.6% | 56.6M | 4.7% | 74.6 | 20.3% | |||
| 1982 | $428B | $7,574 | 0.4% | 16.5% | 56.5M | 4.7% | 74.8 | 21.1% | |||
| 1981 | $432B | $7,640 | 0.8% | 18.0% | 56.5M | 5.5% | 74.4 | 21.6% | |||
| 1980 | $478B | $8,476 | 3.4% | 21.1% | 56.4M | 5.3% | 73.9 | 20.1% | |||
| 1979 | $395B | $7,006 | 6.0% | 14.8% | 56.3M | 3.3% | 74.0 | 22.3% | |||
| 1978 | $316B | $5,623 | 3.2% | 12.1% | 56.2M | 3.1% | 73.7 | 21.6% | |||
| 1977 | $258B | $4,614 | 2.6% | 17.1% | 56M | 2.4% | 73.4 | 21.3% | |||
| 1976 | $225B | $4,042 | 7.1% | 16.6% | 55.7M | 73.0 | 20.0% | ||||
| 1975 | $228B | $4,116 | −2.1% | 17.0% | 55.4M | 4.7% | 72.6 | 18.7% | |||
| 1974 | $200B | $3,629 | 5.5% | 19.2% | 55.1M | 72.7 | 18.5% | ||||
| 1973 | $176B | $3,213 | 7.1% | 10.8% | 54.8M | 72.0 | 16.1% | ||||
| 1972 | $146B | $2,677 | 3.7% | 5.7% | 54.4M | 72.1 | 16.3% | ||||
| 1971 | $125B | $2,311 | 1.8% | 4.8% | 54.1M | 71.8 | 15.5% | ||||
| 1970 | $114B | $2,112 | 5.3% | 5.0% | 53.8M | 71.6 | 15.1% | ||||
| 1969 | $101B | $1,886 | 6.1% | 2.7% | 53.5M | 70.8 | |||||
| 1968 | $91.5B | $1,718 | 6.5% | 1.3% | 53.2M | 70.8 | |||||
| 1967 | $84.4B | $1,595 | 7.2% | 3.7% | 52.9M | 71.0 | |||||
| 1966 | $76.6B | $1,459 | 6.0% | 2.3% | 52.5M | 70.9 | |||||
| 1965 | $70.7B | $1,357 | 3.3% | 4.5% | 52.1M | 70.2 | |||||
| 1964 | $65.7B | $1,272 | 2.8% | 5.9% | 51.7M | 70.3 | |||||
| 1963 | $60B | $1,171 | 5.6% | 7.5% | 51.3M | 69.2 | |||||
| 1962 | $52.4B | $1,030 | 6.2% | 4.7% | 50.9M | 69.1 | |||||
| 1961 | $46.6B | $923 | 8.2% | 2.1% | 50.5M | 69.8 | |||||
| 1960 | $42B | $837 | 2.4% | 50.2M | 69.1 |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in Europe & Central Asia
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Albania · Andorra · Armenia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Channel Islands · Croatia · Cyprus · Czechia · Denmark · Estonia · Faroe Islands · Finland · France · Georgia · Germany · Gibraltar · Greece · Greenland · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Isle of Man · Italy · Kazakhstan · Kosovo · Kyrgyzstan · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · North Macedonia · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Tajikistan · Turkmenistan · Türkiye · Ukraine · United Kingdom · Uzbekistan
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)