Europe & Central Asia · High income
France: the economy in numbers
Per person: $48,986, or $63,975 at purchasing power parity. Population: 68.7 million (2025).
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #7 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +0.4%.
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $675 billion in 1960, $3.37 trillion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $14,237 per person in 1960, $48,986 in 2025.
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 1.2% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 4 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose by 51.3% from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 13.6% in 1974.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1980: 115.5% of GDP in 2025. IMF forecast for 2031: 123.6%.
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2018 listed domestic companies were worth $2.37 trillion, or 85.1% of GDP.
Population
1960: 47.4 million · 2025: 68.7 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 9.1% · 2025: 7.5%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 69.9 years · 2024: 83.0 years.
Exports of goods and services
1960: 15.6% · 2025: 33.4%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 1.1%f | 1.8%f | 123.6%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 1.1%f | 1.9%f | 123.2%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 1.1%f | 1.9%f | 122.6%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 1.2%f | 1.9%f | 121.7%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 0.7%f | 2.2%f | 120.4%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 0.4%f | 2.4%f | 118.5%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $3.37T | $48,986 | $63,975 | 0.8% | 0.9% | 115.5% | 68.7M | 7.5% | 33.4% | ||
| 2024 | $3.16T | $46,103 | $62,525 | 1.2% | 2.0% | 112.6% | 68.6M | 7.4% | 83.0 | 33.9% | |
| 2023 | $3.06T | $44,700 | $60,927 | 1.4% | 4.9% | 109.5% | 68.4M | 7.3% | 82.8 | 34.5% | |
| 2022 | $2.79T | $40,989 | $57,012 | 2.7% | 5.2% | 111.4% | 68.2M | 7.3% | 82.1 | 36.6% | |
| 2021 | $2.97T | $43,725 | $52,517 | 6.9% | 1.6% | 112.8% | 67.8M | 7.9% | 82.3 | 31.3% | |
| 2020 | $2.65T | $39,170 | $49,482 | −7.4% | 0.5% | 114.9% | 67.6M | 8.0% | 82.2 | 28.6% | |
| 2019 | $2.72T | $40,408 | $51,130 | 2.0% | 1.1% | 98.2% | 67.4M | 8.4% | 82.8 | 32.9% | |
| 2018 | $2.78T | $41,418 | $46,381 | 1.6% | 1.9% | 98.5% | 67.2M | 9.0% | 85.1% | 82.7 | 32.9% |
| 2017 | $2.59T | $38,687 | $44,469 | 2.1% | 1.0% | 98.8% | 66.9M | 9.4% | 106.2% | 82.6 | 32.3% |
| 2016 | $2.47T | $37,024 | $42,880 | 0.9% | 0.2% | 98.1% | 66.7M | 10.1% | 87.4% | 82.6 | 31.5% |
| 2015 | $2.44T | $36,702 | $40,905 | 1.1% | 0.0% | 97.0% | 66.5M | 10.4% | 85.5% | 82.3 | 31.7% |
| 2014 | $2.86T | $43,148 | $40,218 | 1.0% | 0.5% | 96.2% | 66.3M | 10.3% | 72.9% | 82.7 | 30.7% |
| 2013 | $2.82T | $42,669 | $39,583 | 0.8% | 0.9% | 94.6% | 66M | 9.9% | 81.7% | 82.2 | 30.6% |
| 2012 | $2.68T | $40,864 | $37,671 | 0.2% | 2.0% | 91.7% | 65.7M | 9.8% | 67.4% | 82.0 | 30.4% |
| 2011 | $2.87T | $43,930 | $37,510 | 2.4% | 2.1% | 88.7% | 65.3M | 9.2% | 54.1% | 82.1 | 29.5% |
| 2010 | $2.65T | $40,695 | $35,908 | 2.0% | 1.5% | 86.3% | 65M | 9.3% | 72.2% | 81.7 | 27.8% |
| 2009 | $2.7T | $41,728 | $34,685 | −2.8% | 0.1% | 84.1% | 64.7M | 9.1% | 72.1% | 81.4 | 25.9% |
| 2008 | $2.93T | $45,465 | $35,053 | 0.4% | 2.8% | 69.8% | 64.4M | 7.4% | 50.3% | 81.2 | 29.2% |
| 2007 | $2.66T | $41,486 | $34,066 | 2.5% | 1.5% | 65.5% | 64M | 8.0% | 103.2% | 81.1 | 28.9% |
| 2006 | $2.32T | $36,432 | $32,424 | 2.7% | 1.7% | 65.4% | 63.6M | 8.8% | 104.8% | 80.8 | 28.9% |
| 2005 | $2.19T | $34,696 | $30,431 | 1.9% | 1.7% | 68.2% | 63.2M | 8.9% | 80.2% | 80.2 | 28.2% |
| 2004 | $2.11T | $33,645 | $28,921 | 2.9% | 2.1% | 66.9% | 62.7M | 8.9% | 73.9% | 80.2 | 27.5% |
| 2003 | $1.84T | $29,480 | $28,024 | 1.0% | 2.1% | 65.4% | 62.2M | 8.3% | 73.9% | 79.1 | 27.1% |
| 2002 | $1.49T | $24,145 | $28,350 | 1.1% | 1.9% | 61.3% | 61.8M | 8.7% | 64.8% | 79.3 | 28.7% |
| 2001 | $1.37T | $22,332 | $27,347 | 1.9% | 1.6% | 59.3% | 61.4M | 8.6% | 85.7% | 79.2 | 29.4% |
| 2000 | $1.36T | $22,341 | $26,007 | 4.1% | 1.7% | 59.7% | 60.9M | 10.2% | 106.3% | 79.1 | 29.8% |
| 1999 | $1.49T | $24,576 | $24,204 | 3.4% | 0.5% | 61.4% | 60.5M | 12.0% | 101.1% | 78.8 | 27.2% |
| 1998 | $1.5T | $24,869 | $23,263 | 3.5% | 0.7% | 62.1% | 60.2M | 12.1% | 10.1% | 78.6 | 27.3% |
| 1997 | $1.45T | $24,169 | $22,190 | 2.5% | 1.2% | 62.0% | 60M | 12.6% | 46.5% | 78.3 | 26.6% |
| 1996 | $1.6T | $26,758 | $21,268 | 1.4% | 2.0% | 60.6% | 59.8M | 12.4% | 36.6% | 78.0 | 24.1% |
| 1995 | $1.6T | $26,792 | $20,701 | 2.3% | 1.8% | 57.8% | 59.5M | 11.8% | 31.3% | 77.8 | 23.7% |
| 1994 | $1.39T | $23,360 | $19,892 | 2.4% | 1.7% | 51.6% | 59.3M | 12.6% | 32.7% | 77.6 | 22.8% |
| 1993 | $1.31T | $22,239 | $19,094 | −0.4% | 2.1% | 48.2% | 59.1M | 11.3% | 34.7% | 77.3 | 21.8% |
| 1992 | $1.39T | $23,615 | $18,801 | 1.5% | 2.4% | 41.7% | 58.8M | 10.2% | 23.6% | 77.1 | 22.4% |
| 1991 | $1.26T | $21,501 | $18,198 | 1.2% | 3.2% | 37.8% | 58.6M | 9.1% | 28.5% | 76.8 | 22.4% |
| 1990 | $1.26T | $21,586 | $17,475 | 2.8% | 3.2% | 36.8% | 58.3M | 24.8% | 76.6 | 22.0% | |
| 1989 | $1.02T | $17,547 | 4.4% | 3.5% | 35.5% | 57.9M | 33.3% | 76.3 | 22.8% | ||
| 1988 | $1.01T | $17,550 | 4.8% | 2.7% | 34.7% | 57.6M | 22.1% | 76.1 | 21.4% | ||
| 1987 | $926B | $16,176 | 2.6% | 3.3% | 34.8% | 57.3M | 16.8% | 75.8 | 20.6% | ||
| 1986 | $765B | $13,430 | 2.4% | 2.5% | 32.4% | 57M | 20.1% | 75.6 | 21.4% | ||
| 1985 | $547B | $9,657 | 1.6% | 5.8% | 31.9% | 56.7M | 14.5% | 75.3 | 24.4% | ||
| 1984 | $525B | $9,312 | 1.6% | 7.7% | 30.2% | 56.4M | 7.8% | 75.0 | 24.9% | ||
| 1983 | $553B | $9,862 | 1.3% | 9.5% | 27.7% | 56.1M | 6.9% | 74.8 | 23.4% | ||
| 1982 | $578B | $10,360 | 2.4% | 12.0% | 26.2% | 55.8M | 5.1% | 74.5 | 22.4% | ||
| 1981 | $609B | $10,956 | 1.2% | 13.3% | 22.6% | 55.6M | 6.3% | 74.3 | 23.1% | ||
| 1980 | $695B | $12,565 | 1.7% | 13.6% | 21.3% | 55.3M | 7.9% | 74.1 | 22.0% | ||
| 1979 | $608B | $11,063 | 3.7% | 10.6% | 55M | 9.1% | 73.9 | 21.7% | |||
| 1978 | $502B | $9,167 | 3.9% | 9.3% | 54.7M | 9.0% | 73.6 | 21.3% | |||
| 1977 | $406B | $7,459 | 3.6% | 9.5% | 54.5M | 6.9% | 73.4 | 21.3% | |||
| 1976 | $368B | $6,792 | 4.3% | 9.6% | 54.2M | 7.4% | 73.1 | 20.4% | |||
| 1975 | $357B | $6,617 | −0.9% | 11.7% | 54M | 9.9% | 72.9 | 19.9% | |||
| 1974 | $283B | $5,261 | 4.4% | 13.6% | 53.7M | 72.6 | 21.7% | ||||
| 1973 | $262B | $4,907 | 6.2% | 7.4% | 53.4M | 72.4 | 18.5% | ||||
| 1972 | $202B | $3,809 | 4.5% | 6.1% | 53M | 72.1 | 17.5% | ||||
| 1971 | $165B | $3,137 | 5.3% | 5.4% | 52.5M | 71.9 | 17.4% | ||||
| 1970 | $147B | $2,833 | 6.2% | 5.3% | 52M | 71.7 | 16.9% | ||||
| 1969 | $141B | $2,729 | 7.1% | 6.0% | 51.5M | 71.5 | 15.2% | ||||
| 1968 | $129B | $2,518 | 4.5% | 4.5% | 51.1M | 71.3 | 14.4% | ||||
| 1967 | $118B | $2,328 | 4.8% | 2.8% | 50.7M | 71.2 | 14.4% | ||||
| 1966 | $109B | $2,173 | 5.2% | 2.6% | 50.3M | 71.0 | 14.4% | ||||
| 1965 | $101B | $2,024 | 4.8% | 2.7% | 49.9M | 70.8 | 14.4% | ||||
| 1964 | $93.4B | $1,891 | 6.6% | 3.2% | 49.4M | 70.7 | 13.9% | ||||
| 1963 | $84.2B | $1,723 | 6.1% | 5.0% | 48.9M | 70.5 | 13.7% | ||||
| 1962 | $75.2B | $1,554 | 6.9% | 5.3% | 48.4M | 70.3 | 13.9% | ||||
| 1961 | $67.2B | $1,402 | 4.9% | 2.4% | 47.9M | 70.1 | 15.2% | ||||
| 1960 | $62B | $1,307 | 4.1% | 47.4M | 69.9 | 15.6% |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in Europe & Central Asia
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Albania · Andorra · Armenia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Channel Islands · Croatia · Cyprus · Czechia · Denmark · Estonia · Faroe Islands · Finland · France · Georgia · Germany · Gibraltar · Greece · Greenland · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Isle of Man · Italy · Kazakhstan · Kosovo · Kyrgyzstan · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · North Macedonia · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Tajikistan · Turkmenistan · Türkiye · Ukraine · United Kingdom · Uzbekistan
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)