Europe & Central Asia · High income
Greece: the economy in numbers
Per person: $26,948, or $45,264 at purchasing power parity. Population: 10.4 million (2025).
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #52 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +1.8%.
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $46.6 billion in 1960, $281 billion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $5,590 per person in 1960, $26,948 in 2025.
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 1.6% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 14 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose by 68.6% from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 26.6% in 1974.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1980: 209.9% of GDP in 2020. IMF forecast for 2031: 111.1%.
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2025 listed domestic companies were worth $129 billion, or 46.0% of GDP.
Population
1960: 8.33 million · 2025: 10.4 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 7.6% · 2025: 8.5%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 70.4 years · 2024: 81.8 years.
Exports of goods and services
1960: 9.9% · 2025: 39.5%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 1.6%f | 2.1%f | 111.1%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 1.6%f | 2.1%f | 115.3%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 1.6%f | 2.1%f | 119.9%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 1.7%f | 2.2%f | 124.1%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 1.8%f | 3.6%f | 128.7%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 1.8%f | 4.2%f | 136.0%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $281B | $26,948 | $45,264 | 2.1% | 2.5% | 146.6% | 10.4M | 8.5% | 46.0% | 39.5% | |
| 2024 | $256B | $24,626 | $44,171 | 2.1% | 2.7% | 155.4% | 10.4M | 10.0% | 32.5% | 81.8 | 42.1% |
| 2023 | $243B | $23,344 | $42,614 | 2.1% | 3.5% | 165.5% | 10.4M | 11.0% | 33.5% | 81.7 | 43.8% |
| 2022 | $218B | $20,885 | $39,448 | 5.5% | 9.6% | 179.2% | 10.4M | 12.4% | 27.1% | 80.8 | 49.2% |
| 2021 | $218B | $20,653 | $33,528 | 8.7% | 1.2% | 197.8% | 10.6M | 14.7% | 27.1% | 80.1 | 40.3% |
| 2020 | $191B | $17,887 | $29,533 | −9.2% | −1.2% | 209.9% | 10.7M | 15.9% | 26.6% | 81.3 | 31.5% |
| 2019 | $207B | $19,335 | $31,927 | 2.3% | 0.3% | 183.7% | 10.7M | 17.0% | 25.9% | 81.6 | 39.6% |
| 2018 | $213B | $19,873 | $29,792 | 2.1% | 0.6% | 189.6% | 10.7M | 19.2% | 18.0% | 81.8 | 38.6% |
| 2017 | $200B | $18,632 | $28,682 | 1.5% | 1.1% | 182.6% | 10.8M | 21.4% | 25.3% | 81.3 | 34.8% |
| 2016 | $193B | $17,919 | $27,505 | −0.0% | −0.8% | 183.7% | 10.8M | 23.5% | 19.2% | 81.4 | 31.2% |
| 2015 | $195B | $17,981 | $26,608 | −0.2% | −1.7% | 180.0% | 10.8M | 25.0% | 21.6% | 81.0 | 32.2% |
| 2014 | $234B | $21,475 | $26,450 | 0.8% | −1.3% | 182.8% | 10.9M | 26.7% | 23.6% | 81.4 | 32.5% |
| 2013 | $237B | $21,573 | $25,731 | −2.3% | −0.9% | 180.5% | 11M | 27.7% | 34.9% | 81.3 | 30.3% |
| 2012 | $239B | $21,624 | $24,583 | −8.3% | 1.5% | 164.3% | 11M | 24.7% | 18.8% | 80.6 | 29.0% |
| 2011 | $283B | $25,505 | $25,693 | −9.9% | 3.3% | 175.1% | 11.1M | 18.0% | 11.9% | 80.7 | 25.3% |
| 2010 | $296B | $26,653 | $27,839 | −5.7% | 4.7% | 147.8% | 11.1M | 12.7% | 22.8% | 80.4 | 21.7% |
| 2009 | $327B | $29,425 | $29,963 | −4.1% | 1.2% | 128.5% | 11.1M | 9.5% | 34.5% | 80.2 | 18.7% |
| 2008 | $351B | $31,696 | $30,441 | 0.1% | 4.2% | 110.9% | 11.1M | 7.7% | 25.7% | 79.9 | 22.8% |
| 2007 | $314B | $28,441 | $28,896 | 3.5% | 2.9% | 104.6% | 11M | 8.4% | 84.3% | 79.4 | 21.7% |
| 2006 | $269B | $24,416 | $28,076 | 6.4% | 3.2% | 105.3% | 11M | 8.9% | 74.6% | 79.4 | 20.8% |
| 2005 | $242B | $22,054 | $25,004 | 1.2% | 3.5% | 109.9% | 11M | 10.1% | 59.9% | 79.2 | 21.0% |
| 2004 | $235B | $21,449 | $24,826 | 5.4% | 2.9% | 105.5% | 11M | 10.6% | 53.3% | 79.0 | 20.6% |
| 2003 | $197B | $18,021 | $23,253 | 5.8% | 3.5% | 104.3% | 10.9M | 9.8% | 54.2% | 78.8 | 18.9% |
| 2002 | $150B | $13,782 | $21,985 | 4.7% | 3.6% | 107.9% | 10.9M | 10.3% | 44.6% | 78.6 | 20.4% |
| 2001 | $132B | $12,157 | $20,304 | 4.7% | 3.4% | 110.5% | 10.9M | 10.8% | 64.2% | 78.4 | 23.2% |
| 2000 | $126B | $11,638 | $18,820 | 4.1% | 3.2% | 108.9% | 10.8M | 11.3% | 77.9 | 24.0% | |
| 1999 | $137B | $12,743 | $17,758 | 2.7% | 2.6% | 102.8% | 10.8M | 12.1% | 78.0 | 19.4% | |
| 1998 | $140B | $13,023 | $17,434 | 3.4% | 4.8% | 100.8% | 10.7M | 12.2% | 77.8 | 16.5% | |
| 1997 | $139B | $13,016 | $16,630 | 3.6% | 5.5% | 102.6% | 10.7M | 10.5% | 78.1 | 16.4% | |
| 1996 | $143B | $13,433 | $15,778 | 1.4% | 8.2% | 103.7% | 10.6M | 10.4% | 77.7 | 14.3% | |
| 1995 | $135B | $12,779 | $15,218 | 2.1% | 8.9% | 100.4% | 10.6M | 10.1% | 77.6 | 14.4% | |
| 1994 | $115B | $10,937 | $14,667 | 2.0% | 10.9% | 99.7% | 10.5M | 9.8% | 77.6 | 14.4% | |
| 1993 | $107B | $10,257 | $14,150 | −1.6% | 14.4% | 101.7% | 10.5M | 10.2% | 77.4 | 14.0% | |
| 1992 | $115B | $11,021 | $14,130 | 0.7% | 15.9% | 81.1% | 10.4M | 8.9% | 77.4 | 14.8% | |
| 1991 | $104B | $10,047 | $13,824 | 3.1% | 19.5% | 75.7% | 10.3M | 7.6% | 77.1 | 14.1% | |
| 1990 | $96.5B | $9,467 | $13,126 | 0.0% | 20.4% | 74.2% | 10.2M | 76.9 | 14.7% | ||
| 1989 | $78.1B | $7,738 | 3.8% | 13.7% | 60.7% | 10.1M | 76.7 | 15.9% | |||
| 1988 | $75.2B | $7,492 | 4.3% | 13.5% | 57.9% | 10M | 76.9 | 16.3% | |||
| 1987 | $64.7B | $6,474 | −2.3% | 16.4% | 53.2% | 10M | 76.1 | 18.1% | |||
| 1986 | $55.6B | $5,578 | 0.5% | 23.0% | 47.8% | 9.97M | 76.5 | 17.6% | |||
| 1985 | $47.2B | $4,747 | 2.5% | 19.3% | 47.3% | 9.93M | 76.1 | 16.1% | |||
| 1984 | $47.4B | $4,785 | 2.0% | 18.5% | 40.6% | 9.9M | 75.8 | 16.7% | |||
| 1983 | $48.7B | $4,950 | −1.1% | 20.2% | 34.1% | 9.85M | 75.5 | 16.4% | |||
| 1982 | $53.9B | $5,502 | −1.1% | 21.0% | 29.7% | 9.79M | 75.2 | 17.1% | |||
| 1981 | $51.6B | $5,305 | −1.6% | 24.5% | 27.1% | 9.73M | 74.9 | 21.3% | |||
| 1980 | $56B | $5,812 | 0.7% | 24.7% | 22.8% | 9.64M | 74.5 | 19.2% | |||
| 1979 | $53.7B | $5,627 | 3.3% | 19.1% | 9.55M | 74.6 | 15.1% | ||||
| 1978 | $43.7B | $4,629 | 7.2% | 12.6% | 9.43M | 74.4 | 13.6% | ||||
| 1977 | $35.7B | $3,832 | 2.9% | 12.4% | 9.31M | 73.7 | 13.9% | ||||
| 1976 | $30.7B | $3,343 | 6.9% | 13.0% | 9.19M | 73.7 | 14.0% | ||||
| 1975 | $28.1B | $3,109 | 6.4% | 13.6% | 9.05M | 73.4 | 14.1% | ||||
| 1974 | $25B | $2,789 | −6.4% | 26.6% | 8.96M | 73.4 | 14.2% | ||||
| 1973 | $22B | $2,468 | 8.1% | 15.4% | 8.93M | 72.9 | 11.6% | ||||
| 1972 | $16.7B | $1,873 | 10.2% | 4.3% | 8.89M | 72.7 | 9.1% | ||||
| 1971 | $14.4B | $1,629 | 7.8% | 3.3% | 8.83M | 72.9 | 8.1% | ||||
| 1970 | $13B | $1,474 | 8.9% | 2.8% | 8.79M | 72.7 | 7.9% | ||||
| 1969 | $11.5B | $1,306 | 11.6% | 2.6% | 8.77M | 72.0 | 7.7% | ||||
| 1968 | $9.95B | $1,138 | 7.2% | 0.1% | 8.74M | 71.4 | 8.0% | ||||
| 1967 | $9.15B | $1,053 | 5.7% | 1.8% | 8.68M | 71.3 | 9.0% | ||||
| 1966 | $8.47B | $984 | 6.5% | 4.9% | 8.61M | 71.8 | 9.3% | ||||
| 1965 | $7.58B | $887 | 10.8% | 3.2% | 8.55M | 71.4 | 7.6% | ||||
| 1964 | $6.58B | $773 | 9.4% | 0.6% | 8.51M | 70.5 | 7.6% | ||||
| 1963 | $5.81B | $686 | 11.8% | 3.2% | 8.48M | 70.6 | 9.0% | ||||
| 1962 | $5.14B | $608 | 0.4% | −0.5% | 8.45M | 70.2 | 8.3% | ||||
| 1961 | $4.89B | $583 | 13.2% | 2.1% | 8.4M | 70.3 | 9.4% | ||||
| 1960 | $4.27B | $513 | 1.5% | 8.33M | 70.4 | 9.9% |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in Europe & Central Asia
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Albania · Andorra · Armenia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Channel Islands · Croatia · Cyprus · Czechia · Denmark · Estonia · Faroe Islands · Finland · France · Georgia · Germany · Gibraltar · Greece · Greenland · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Isle of Man · Italy · Kazakhstan · Kosovo · Kyrgyzstan · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · North Macedonia · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Tajikistan · Turkmenistan · Türkiye · Ukraine · United Kingdom · Uzbekistan
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)