Latin America & Caribbean · Upper middle income
Mexico: the economy in numbers
Per person: $13,889, or $25,868 at purchasing power parity. Population: 132 million (2025).
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #14 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +1.5%.
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $142 billion in 1960, $1.83 trillion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $3,868 per person in 1960, $13,889 in 2025.
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 1.1% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 9 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose 3.02 times from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 131.8% in 1987. Years with inflation above 100%: 3. The chart cuts the scale at 100%; “Full scale” shows everything.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1996: 61.7% of GDP in 2025. IMF forecast for 2031: 64.5%.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2025 listed domestic companies were worth $560 billion, or 30.6% of GDP.
Population
1960: 36.7 million · 2025: 132 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 3.1% · 2025: 2.7%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 53.6 years · 2024: 75.3 years.
Exports of goods and services
1960: 8.5% · 2025: 39.6%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 2.1%f | 3.0%f | 64.5%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 2.1%f | 3.0%f | 64.3%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 2.1%f | 3.0%f | 64.0%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 2.2%f | 3.1%f | 63.4%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 1.8%f | 3.6%f | 62.9%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 1.5%f | 3.8%f | 62.1%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $1.83T | $13,889 | $25,868 | 0.6% | 3.8% | 61.7% | 132M | 2.7% | 30.6% | 39.6% | |
| 2024 | $1.83T | $13,988 | $25,820 | 1.4% | 4.7% | 59.0% | 131M | 2.7% | 75.3 | 37.3% | |
| 2023 | $1.79T | $13,831 | $25,188 | 3.1% | 5.5% | 52.7% | 130M | 2.8% | 32.1% | 75.1 | 36.1% |
| 2022 | $1.47T | $11,406 | $23,135 | 3.7% | 7.9% | 53.8% | 129M | 3.3% | 31.0% | 74.0 | 42.9% |
| 2021 | $1.32T | $10,314 | $20,783 | 6.0% | 5.7% | 56.7% | 128M | 4.0% | 34.9% | 69.8 | 40.6% |
| 2020 | $1.12T | $8,841 | $19,354 | −8.4% | 3.4% | 58.5% | 127M | 4.4% | 35.6% | 70.4 | 39.2% |
| 2019 | $1.3T | $10,370 | $20,964 | −0.4% | 3.6% | 51.9% | 126M | 3.5% | 74.5 | 38.5% | |
| 2018 | $1.26T | $10,085 | $20,921 | 2.0% | 4.9% | 52.2% | 125M | 3.3% | 74.3 | 39.0% | |
| 2017 | $1.19T | $9,649 | $20,489 | 1.9% | 6.0% | 52.5% | 123M | 3.4% | 35.0% | 74.3 | 37.5% |
| 2016 | $1.11T | $9,098 | $20,105 | 1.8% | 2.8% | 55.0% | 122M | 3.9% | 31.5% | 74.4 | 36.8% |
| 2015 | $1.21T | $10,021 | $19,071 | 2.7% | 2.7% | 51.0% | 121M | 4.3% | 33.2% | 74.4 | 34.2% |
| 2014 | $1.36T | $11,391 | $18,821 | 2.5% | 4.0% | 47.1% | 120M | 4.8% | 35.2% | 74.4 | 31.5% |
| 2013 | $1.33T | $11,217 | $18,170 | 0.9% | 3.8% | 44.1% | 118M | 4.9% | 39.6% | 74.3 | 30.8% |
| 2012 | $1.26T | $10,744 | $18,005 | 3.6% | 4.1% | 40.8% | 117M | 4.9% | 41.8% | 74.1 | 31.5% |
| 2011 | $1.23T | $10,664 | $17,267 | 3.4% | 3.4% | 41.2% | 115M | 5.2% | 33.3% | 73.9 | 30.4% |
| 2010 | $1.11T | $9,729 | $15,909 | 5.0% | 4.2% | 40.2% | 114M | 5.3% | 41.1% | 73.7 | 29.0% |
| 2009 | $943B | $8,424 | $15,191 | −6.3% | 5.3% | 41.7% | 112M | 5.4% | 37.3% | 73.6 | 26.5% |
| 2008 | $1.16T | $10,524 | $15,681 | 0.9% | 5.1% | 40.6% | 110M | 3.9% | 20.2% | 73.7 | 27.0% |
| 2007 | $1.1T | $10,134 | $15,032 | 2.1% | 4.0% | 35.5% | 109M | 3.6% | 36.1% | 73.8 | 26.8% |
| 2006 | $1.02T | $9,513 | $14,540 | 4.8% | 3.6% | 35.8% | 107M | 3.6% | 34.1% | 73.7 | 26.6% |
| 2005 | $918B | $8,672 | $13,260 | 2.1% | 4.0% | 36.8% | 106M | 3.6% | 26.1% | 73.6 | 25.5% |
| 2004 | $819B | $7,850 | $12,658 | 3.6% | 4.7% | 38.9% | 104M | 3.9% | 20.9% | 73.4 | 25.1% |
| 2003 | $766B | $7,434 | $12,066 | 1.2% | 4.5% | 42.1% | 103M | 3.5% | 16.0% | 73.3 | 23.7% |
| 2002 | $811B | $7,983 | $11,762 | −0.2% | 5.0% | 39.9% | 102M | 3.0% | 12.8% | 73.1 | 21.9% |
| 2001 | $796B | $7,953 | $11,739 | −0.5% | 6.4% | 37.3% | 100M | 2.6% | 15.9% | 72.9 | 21.5% |
| 2000 | $742B | $7,524 | $11,705 | 5.0% | 9.5% | 38.5% | 98.6M | 2.6% | 16.9% | 72.6 | 24.2% |
| 1999 | $631B | $6,500 | $11,031 | 2.8% | 16.6% | 41.7% | 97.1M | 2.6% | 24.4% | 72.2 | 23.4% |
| 1998 | $557B | $5,833 | $10,756 | 6.2% | 15.9% | 39.7% | 95.6M | 3.7% | 16.5% | 71.8 | 23.2% |
| 1997 | $523B | $5,567 | $10,182 | 7.2% | 20.6% | 39.1% | 94M | 4.2% | 29.9% | 71.5 | 23.3% |
| 1996 | $432B | $4,674 | $9,496 | 6.2% | 34.4% | 42.5% | 92.5M | 5.5% | 24.7% | 71.1 | 24.7% |
| 1995 | $380B | $4,184 | $8,933 | −5.9% | 35.0% | 90.9M | 7.1% | 23.9% | 70.7 | 22.9% | |
| 1994 | $554B | $6,202 | $9,466 | 4.4% | 7.0% | 89.3M | 4.4% | 23.5% | 70.3 | 12.8% | |
| 1993 | $530B | $6,048 | $9,041 | 2.9% | 9.8% | 87.7M | 3.4% | 37.9% | 70.0 | 11.6% | |
| 1992 | $363B | $4,221 | $9,470 | 3.6% | 15.5% | 86M | 3.2% | 38.2% | 69.7 | 15.3% | |
| 1991 | $313B | $3,709 | $9,079 | 4.0% | 22.7% | 84.4M | 3.1% | 32.8% | 69.4 | 16.4% | |
| 1990 | $261B | $3,154 | $8,578 | 5.3% | 26.7% | 82.8M | 15.7% | 69.0 | 18.7% | ||
| 1989 | $221B | $2,725 | 3.6% | 20.0% | 81.2M | 12.2% | 68.6 | 19.1% | |||
| 1988 | $182B | $2,279 | 1.2% | 114.2% | 79.7M | 8.4% | 68.3 | 20.1% | |||
| 1987 | $148B | $1,888 | 2.1% | 131.8% | 78.1M | 6.1% | 67.9 | 18.5% | |||
| 1986 | $135B | $1,757 | −3.9% | 86.2% | 76.6M | 4.1% | 67.4 | 16.7% | |||
| 1985 | $195B | $2,602 | 1.9% | 57.7% | 75M | 2.0% | 66.8 | 14.6% | |||
| 1984 | $184B | $2,506 | 3.5% | 65.4% | 73.5M | 2.0% | 66.2 | 16.6% | |||
| 1983 | $156B | $2,170 | −4.6% | 101.9% | 72M | 1.9% | 65.8 | 18.1% | |||
| 1982 | $185B | $2,621 | −0.0% | 58.9% | 70.4M | 0.9% | 65.3 | 14.4% | |||
| 1981 | $264B | $3,829 | 9.6% | 27.9% | 68.9M | 0.4% | 64.7 | 9.9% | |||
| 1980 | $206B | $3,055 | 8.8% | 26.4% | 67.3M | 0.6% | 64.3 | 10.1% | |||
| 1979 | $135B | $2,049 | 9.7% | 18.2% | 65.6M | 0.9% | 63.9 | 11.2% | |||
| 1978 | $103B | $1,604 | 9.0% | 17.5% | 64M | 0.7% | 63.4 | 10.5% | |||
| 1977 | $81.9B | $1,315 | 3.4% | 29.1% | 62.3M | 63.0 | 10.3% | ||||
| 1976 | $88.9B | $1,465 | 4.4% | 15.8% | 60.6M | 0.9% | 62.5 | 8.5% | |||
| 1975 | $88B | $1,492 | 5.7% | 14.9% | 59M | 0.5% | 61.9 | 6.9% | |||
| 1974 | $72B | $1,256 | 5.8% | 23.8% | 57.3M | 61.2 | 8.4% | ||||
| 1973 | $55.3B | $993 | 7.9% | 12.1% | 55.7M | 60.5 | 8.4% | ||||
| 1972 | $45.2B | $837 | 8.2% | 4.9% | 54M | 60.1 | 8.1% | ||||
| 1971 | $39.2B | $748 | 3.8% | 5.5% | 52.4M | 59.4 | 7.6% | ||||
| 1970 | $35.5B | $699 | 6.5% | 5.0% | 50.8M | 58.9 | 7.8% | ||||
| 1969 | $32.5B | $660 | 3.4% | 3.4% | 49.2M | 58.4 | 7.5% | ||||
| 1968 | $29.4B | $616 | 9.4% | 2.3% | 47.7M | 58.2 | 7.0% | ||||
| 1967 | $26.6B | $576 | 5.9% | 3.0% | 46.1M | 58.0 | 6.9% | ||||
| 1966 | $24.3B | $545 | 6.1% | 4.2% | 44.6M | 57.4 | 7.5% | ||||
| 1965 | $21.8B | $506 | 7.1% | 3.6% | 43.2M | 56.7 | 7.6% | ||||
| 1964 | $20.1B | $481 | 11.9% | 2.3% | 41.8M | 55.9 | 7.6% | ||||
| 1963 | $17B | $420 | 8.1% | 0.6% | 40.4M | 55.5 | 8.3% | ||||
| 1962 | $15.2B | $388 | 4.7% | 1.2% | 39.1M | 55.1 | 8.6% | ||||
| 1961 | $14.2B | $374 | 5.0% | 1.6% | 37.9M | 54.4 | 8.4% | ||||
| 1960 | $13B | $355 | 4.9% | 36.7M | 53.6 | 8.5% |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in Latin America & Caribbean
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Antigua and Barbuda · Argentina · Aruba · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Bolivia · Brazil · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Chile · Colombia · Costa Rica · Cuba · Curaçao · Dominica · Dominican Republic · Ecuador · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Guyana · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama · Paraguay · Peru · Puerto Rico · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Martin (French part) · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Sint Maarten · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago · Turks and Caicos Islands · U.S. Virgin Islands · Uruguay · Venezuela
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)