Latin America & Caribbean · Upper middle income
Cuba: the economy in numbers
Per person: $9,605. Population: 10.9 million (2025).
GDP in 2020, current US dollars.
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $47.2 billion in 1970, $134 billion in 2020.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $5,354 per person in 1970, $11,958 in 2020.
Real GDP growth
Average over 2015–2024: −0.3% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1971: 10 of 54.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Population
1960: 7.24 million · 2025: 10.9 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 8.3% · 2025: 1.7%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 63.3 years · 2024: 78.3 years.
Exports of goods and services
1970: 32.6% · 2024: 42.5%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Real growth | Population | Unemployment | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 10.9M | 1.7% | |||||
| 2024 | −1.1% | 11M | 1.8% | 78.3 | 42.5% | ||
| 2023 | −1.9% | 11M | 1.7% | 78.1 | 45.6% | ||
| 2022 | 1.8% | 11.1M | 1.8% | 77.6 | 40.5% | ||
| 2021 | 1.3% | 11.1M | 2.1% | 73.2 | 34.9% | ||
| 2020 | $107B | $9,605 | −10.9% | 11.2M | 2.2% | 77.4 | 8.2% |
| 2019 | $103B | $9,232 | −0.2% | 11.2M | 1.7% | 77.4 | 12.2% |
| 2018 | $100B | $8,911 | 2.2% | 11.2M | 1.7% | 77.4 | 14.5% |
| 2017 | $96.9B | $8,611 | 1.8% | 11.2M | 1.7% | 77.3 | 14.6% |
| 2016 | $91.4B | $8,111 | 0.5% | 11.3M | 2.0% | 77.6 | 15.0% |
| 2015 | $87.1B | $7,728 | 4.4% | 11.3M | 2.4% | 77.7 | 17.1% |
| 2014 | $80.7B | $7,147 | 1.0% | 11.3M | 2.7% | 77.8 | 22.1% |
| 2013 | $77.1B | $6,828 | 2.7% | 11.3M | 3.3% | 78.0 | 24.1% |
| 2012 | $73.1B | $6,471 | 3.0% | 11.3M | 3.5% | 78.2 | 25.5% |
| 2011 | $69B | $6,104 | 2.8% | 11.3M | 3.2% | 78.1 | 25.1% |
| 2010 | $59.6B | $5,272 | 2.4% | 11.3M | 2.5% | 77.9 | 22.6% |
| 2009 | $57.5B | $5,089 | 1.5% | 11.3M | 1.7% | 77.6 | 17.5% |
| 2008 | $56.3B | $4,986 | 4.1% | 11.3M | 1.6% | 77.6 | 20.6% |
| 2007 | $54.3B | $4,807 | 7.3% | 11.3M | 1.8% | 77.5 | 20.3% |
| 2006 | $48.8B | $4,330 | 12.1% | 11.3M | 1.9% | 77.4 | 18.7% |
| 2005 | $42.6B | $3,786 | 11.2% | 11.3M | 1.9% | 77.5 | 21.0% |
| 2004 | $38.2B | $3,399 | 5.8% | 11.2M | 1.9% | 77.3 | 16.0% |
| 2003 | $35.9B | $3,203 | 3.8% | 11.2M | 2.3% | 77.4 | 13.0% |
| 2002 | $33.6B | $3,005 | 1.4% | 11.2M | 3.3% | 76.8 | 11.5% |
| 2001 | $31.7B | $2,843 | 3.2% | 11.1M | 4.1% | 76.4 | 13.2% |
| 2000 | $30.6B | $2,751 | 5.9% | 11.1M | 5.5% | 75.9 | 14.1% |
| 1999 | $28.4B | $2,562 | 6.2% | 11.1M | 6.3% | 75.7 | 14.5% |
| 1998 | $25.7B | $2,332 | 0.2% | 11M | 6.2% | 75.4 | 14.3% |
| 1997 | $25.4B | $2,306 | 2.8% | 11M | 7.1% | 75.1 | 14.9% |
| 1996 | $25B | $2,282 | 7.8% | 11M | 7.6% | 74.7 | 15.3% |
| 1995 | $30.4B | $2,785 | 2.5% | 10.9M | 8.3% | 74.3 | 13.4% |
| 1994 | $28.4B | $2,613 | 0.7% | 10.9M | 8.8% | 74.1 | 13.2% |
| 1993 | $22.4B | $2,063 | −14.9% | 10.8M | 9.3% | 73.9 | 13.2% |
| 1992 | $22.1B | $2,048 | −11.6% | 10.8M | 8.8% | 73.8 | 16.9% |
| 1991 | $24.3B | $2,269 | −10.7% | 10.7M | 8.3% | 73.8 | 21.9% |
| 1990 | $28.6B | $2,694 | −2.9% | 10.6M | 73.8 | 30.2% | |
| 1989 | $27B | $2,566 | 0.7% | 10.5M | 73.7 | 31.2% | |
| 1988 | $27.5B | $2,632 | 3.7% | 10.4M | 73.7 | 32.0% | |
| 1987 | $25.2B | $2,440 | −2.4% | 10.3M | 73.6 | 32.9% | |
| 1986 | $24.2B | $2,365 | 0.1% | 10.2M | 73.6 | 31.7% | |
| 1985 | $22.9B | $2,257 | 1.6% | 10.2M | 73.5 | 33.7% | |
| 1984 | $24B | $2,386 | 7.9% | 10.1M | 73.6 | 32.3% | |
| 1983 | $22.2B | $2,222 | 5.4% | 9.99M | 73.6 | 32.5% | |
| 1982 | $21B | $2,114 | 8.9% | 9.91M | 73.4 | 32.6% | |
| 1981 | $20.2B | $2,046 | 19.7% | 9.85M | 73.0 | 32.6% | |
| 1980 | $19.9B | $2,031 | −4.8% | 9.8M | 72.6 | 32.8% | |
| 1979 | $19.6B | $2,006 | 1.1% | 9.76M | 72.3 | 32.6% | |
| 1978 | $17.8B | $1,837 | 6.6% | 9.71M | 71.9 | 32.6% | |
| 1977 | $14.2B | $1,472 | 8.7% | 9.65M | 71.4 | 32.6% | |
| 1976 | $13.8B | $1,441 | 5.4% | 9.57M | 70.9 | 32.6% | |
| 1975 | $13B | $1,374 | 9.5% | 9.48M | 70.4 | 32.6% | |
| 1974 | $11.4B | $1,217 | 1.0% | 9.37M | 69.9 | 32.6% | |
| 1973 | $9.99B | $1,079 | 3.4% | 9.26M | 69.3 | 32.6% | |
| 1972 | $8.14B | $892 | 4.8% | 9.12M | 68.9 | 32.6% | |
| 1971 | $6.91B | $770 | 8.6% | 8.98M | 68.4 | 32.6% | |
| 1970 | $5.69B | $645 | 8.82M | 67.9 | 32.6% | ||
| 1969 | 8.67M | 67.4 | |||||
| 1968 | 8.51M | 66.9 | |||||
| 1967 | 8.35M | 66.5 | |||||
| 1966 | 8.19M | 66.1 | |||||
| 1965 | 8.03M | 65.6 | |||||
| 1964 | 7.87M | 65.3 | |||||
| 1963 | 7.7M | 64.3 | |||||
| 1962 | 7.54M | 64.4 | |||||
| 1961 | 7.39M | 63.7 | |||||
| 1960 | 7.24M | 63.3 |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in Latin America & Caribbean
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Antigua and Barbuda · Argentina · Aruba · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Bolivia · Brazil · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Chile · Colombia · Costa Rica · Cuba · Curaçao · Dominica · Dominican Republic · Ecuador · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Guyana · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama · Paraguay · Peru · Puerto Rico · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Martin (French part) · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Sint Maarten · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago · Turks and Caicos Islands · U.S. Virgin Islands · Uruguay · Venezuela
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)