Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan · Lower middle income
Pakistan: the economy in numbers
Per person: $1,596, or $6,573 at purchasing power parity. Population: 255 million (2025).
$407B+3.7%real GDP growth, 2025
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #41 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +3.6%.
GDP per capita
$1,596
2025 · #176 of 204
GDP per capita, PPP
$6,573
2025 · #155 of 197
Inflation
7.1%
2026 · IMF forecast 2027: 9.9%
Government debt
69.8%
2026 · % of GDP, general government
Population
255M
2025 · #5 of 217
Unemployment
5.4%
2025 · ILO estimate
Stock market capitalization
17.3%
2025 · % of GDP · $70.3B
Life expectancy
67.8 years
2024
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $40.8 billion in 1960, $407 billion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $894 per person in 1960, $1,596 in 2025.
GDP per capitaGDP per capita, PPP (international $)
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 3.6% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 2 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose 9.23 times from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 30.8% in 2023.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1994: 80.8% of GDP in 2020. IMF forecast for 2031: 57.3%.
General government (IMF)Central government only (World Bank)
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2025 listed domestic companies were worth $70.3 billion, or 17.3% of GDP.
Population
1960: 45.7 million · 2025: 255 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 0.6% · 2025: 5.4%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 44.1 years · 2024: 67.8 years.
Exports of goods and services
1960: 7.2% · 2025: 10.0%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 4.5%f | 6.5%f | 57.3%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 4.5%f | 6.5%f | 59.6%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 4.5%f | 6.5%f | 61.3%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 4.3%f | 7.0%f | 64.5%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 3.5%f | 9.9%f | 67.7%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 3.6%f | 7.1% | 69.8% | ||||||||
| 2025 | $407B | $1,596 | $6,573 | 3.7% | 3.5% | 72.8% | 255M | 5.4% | 17.3% | 10.0% | |
| 2024 | $372B | $1,479 | $6,263 | 3.1% | 12.6% | 70.3% | 251M | 5.5% | 14.0% | 67.8 | 10.4% |
| 2023 | $337B | $1,360 | $6,019 | −0.4% | 30.8% | 78.5% | 248M | 5.2% | 9.6% | 67.6 | 10.5% |
| 2022 | $375B | $1,538 | $5,919 | 4.8% | 19.9% | 77.3% | 244M | 5.3% | 7.7% | 67.4 | 10.5% |
| 2021 | $349B | $1,455 | $5,367 | 6.5% | 9.5% | 74.7% | 239M | 6.3% | 12.4% | 65.8 | 9.1% |
| 2020 | $300B | $1,278 | $5,048 | −1.3% | 9.7% | 80.8% | 235M | 6.0% | 16.7% | 65.7 | 9.3% |
| 2019 | $321B | $1,390 | $5,038 | 2.5% | 10.6% | 78.7% | 231M | 4.8% | 15.8% | 66.7 | 9.4% |
| 2018 | $356B | $1,569 | $4,979 | 6.2% | 5.1% | 66.3% | 227M | 4.1% | 15.6% | 66.5 | 8.6% |
| 2017 | $339B | $1,519 | $4,790 | 4.4% | 4.1% | 62.1% | 223M | 3.2% | 66.2 | 8.2% | |
| 2016 | $314B | $1,425 | $4,631 | 6.6% | 3.8% | 62.1% | 220M | 2.3% | 65.9 | 8.7% | |
| 2015 | $300B | $1,380 | $4,480 | 4.2% | 2.5% | 59.1% | 217M | 3.6% | 65.6 | 10.0% | |
| 2014 | $271B | $1,267 | $4,313 | 4.1% | 7.2% | 58.8% | 214M | 1.8% | 65.4 | 11.2% | |
| 2013 | $259B | $1,225 | $4,174 | 4.4% | 7.7% | 59.2% | 211M | 3.0% | 65.1 | 12.2% | |
| 2012 | $250B | $1,204 | $4,047 | 3.0% | 9.7% | 58.4% | 208M | 3.7% | 64.9 | 11.9% | |
| 2011 | $231B | $1,132 | $3,880 | 2.7% | 11.9% | 56.2% | 204M | 0.8% | 14.1% | 64.7 | 13.5% |
| 2010 | $197B | $987 | $3,786 | 1.5% | 12.9% | 56.7% | 199M | 0.7% | 19.3% | 64.4 | 12.6% |
| 2009 | $187B | $964 | $3,777 | 3.5% | 13.6% | 54.6% | 194M | 0.5% | 17.0% | 64.2 | 12.4% |
| 2008 | $202B | $1,067 | $3,721 | 2.1% | 20.3% | 49.5% | 189M | 0.4% | 11.5% | 64.0 | 11.9% |
| 2007 | $184B | $998 | $3,672 | 4.4% | 7.6% | 44.2% | 184M | 0.4% | 37.9% | 63.8 | 11.6% |
| 2006 | $162B | $901 | $3,515 | 6.1% | 7.9% | 46.2% | 180M | 0.6% | 27.7% | 63.6 | 12.5% |
| 2005 | $145B | $828 | $3,293 | 7.3% | 9.1% | 47.9% | 175M | 0.6% | 31.2% | 62.4 | 12.3% |
| 2004 | $132B | $772 | $3,048 | 7.8% | 7.4% | 50.6% | 171M | 0.6% | 34.5% | 63.1 | 11.4% |
| 2003 | $112B | $672 | $2,822 | 5.4% | 2.9% | 56.3% | 167M | 0.6% | 62.8 | 12.2% | |
| 2002 | $97.9B | $600 | $2,688 | 2.6% | 3.3% | 60.5% | 163M | 0.6% | 62.6 | 11.3% | |
| 2001 | $97.1B | $610 | $2,644 | 3.7% | 3.1% | 65.1% | 159M | 0.6% | 5.0% | 62.2 | 10.6% |
| 2000 | $99.5B | $642 | $2,565 | 4.3% | 4.4% | 61.7% | 155M | 0.6% | 6.7% | 61.9 | 9.6% |
| 1999 | $63B | $418 | $2,475 | 3.7% | 4.1% | 60.7% | 151M | 0.6% | 11.1% | 61.5 | 15.4% |
| 1998 | $62.2B | $424 | $2,419 | 2.6% | 6.2% | 53.8% | 147M | 0.6% | 8.7% | 61.1 | 16.5% |
| 1997 | $62.4B | $438 | $2,398 | 1.0% | 11.4% | 52.8% | 143M | 0.6% | 18.9% | 60.6 | 16.1% |
| 1996 | $63.3B | $457 | $2,401 | 4.8% | 10.4% | 52.5% | 139M | 0.6% | 18.4% | 60.5 | 16.9% |
| 1995 | $60.6B | $451 | $2,315 | 5.0% | 12.3% | 52.3% | 135M | 0.6% | 15.6% | 60.3 | 16.7% |
| 1994 | $52.3B | $400 | $2,224 | 3.7% | 12.4% | 58.5% | 131M | 0.6% | 24.7% | 60.2 | 16.2% |
| 1993 | $51.8B | $408 | $2,160 | 1.8% | 10.0% | 127M | 0.6% | 24.4% | 60.1 | 16.2% | |
| 1992 | $48.9B | $396 | $2,132 | 7.7% | 9.5% | 124M | 0.6% | 60.0 | 17.3% | ||
| 1991 | $45.6B | $380 | $1,992 | 5.1% | 11.8% | 120M | 0.6% | 59.9 | 16.9% | ||
| 1990 | $40B | $344 | $1,895 | 4.5% | 9.1% | 116M | 59.7 | 14.8% | |||
| 1989 | $40.2B | $358 | 5.0% | 7.8% | 112M | 59.5 | 14.1% | ||||
| 1988 | $38.5B | $354 | 7.6% | 8.8% | 109M | 59.4 | 13.9% | ||||
| 1987 | $33.4B | $317 | 6.5% | 4.7% | 105M | 59.2 | 13.8% | ||||
| 1986 | $31.9B | $314 | 5.5% | 3.5% | 102M | 59.2 | 12.3% | ||||
| 1985 | $31.1B | $317 | 7.6% | 5.6% | 98.2M | 59.1 | 10.6% | ||||
| 1984 | $31.2B | $327 | 5.1% | 6.1% | 95.2M | 58.9 | 11.4% | ||||
| 1983 | $28.7B | $311 | 6.8% | 6.4% | 92.2M | 58.7 | 12.2% | ||||
| 1982 | $30.7B | $345 | 6.5% | 5.9% | 89.1M | 58.3 | 10.2% | ||||
| 1981 | $28.1B | $328 | 7.9% | 11.9% | 85.8M | 57.8 | 12.8% | ||||
| 1980 | $23.7B | $287 | 10.2% | 11.9% | 82.3M | 57.2 | 12.6% | ||||
| 1979 | $19.7B | $249 | 3.8% | 8.3% | 79M | 56.6 | 11.0% | ||||
| 1978 | $17.8B | $233 | 8.0% | 6.1% | 76.3M | 56.1 | 9.4% | ||||
| 1977 | $15.1B | $205 | 3.9% | 10.1% | 73.9M | 55.5 | 9.3% | ||||
| 1976 | $13.2B | $184 | 5.2% | 7.2% | 71.6M | 55.1 | 10.6% | ||||
| 1975 | $11.2B | $162 | 4.2% | 20.9% | 69.5M | 54.7 | 11.7% | ||||
| 1974 | $8.9B | $132 | 3.5% | 26.7% | 67.4M | 54.3 | 13.6% | ||||
| 1973 | $6.38B | $98 | 7.1% | 23.1% | 65.5M | 54.1 | 14.8% | ||||
| 1972 | $9.42B | $148 | 0.8% | 5.2% | 63.6M | 53.8 | 7.2% | ||||
| 1971 | $10.7B | $172 | 0.5% | 4.7% | 61.8M | 49.0 | 7.7% | ||||
| 1970 | $10B | $167 | 11.4% | 5.3% | 60.2M | 52.9 | 7.6% | ||||
| 1969 | $8.68B | $149 | 5.5% | 3.2% | 58.5M | 52.3 | 6.9% | ||||
| 1968 | $8.04B | $142 | 7.2% | 0.2% | 56.8M | 51.6 | 7.5% | ||||
| 1967 | $7.46B | $135 | 5.4% | 6.8% | 55.2M | 50.8 | 6.9% | ||||
| 1966 | $6.56B | $122 | 5.8% | 7.2% | 53.7M | 49.8 | 6.9% | ||||
| 1965 | $5.93B | $114 | 10.4% | 5.6% | 52.2M | 48.5 | 7.1% | ||||
| 1964 | $5.2B | $102 | 7.6% | 4.2% | 50.8M | 47.8 | 7.7% | ||||
| 1963 | $4.63B | $94 | 8.7% | 1.5% | 49.4M | 46.8 | 8.2% | ||||
| 1962 | $4.31B | $90 | 4.5% | −0.5% | 48.2M | 45.9 | 6.7% | ||||
| 1961 | $4.12B | $88 | 6.0% | 1.6% | 46.9M | 45.0 | 6.2% | ||||
| 1960 | $3.75B | $82 | 6.9% | 45.7M | 44.1 | 7.2% |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast. Inflation: IMF data for 2026, World Bank for the other years.
Nearby economies in Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Afghanistan · Algeria · Bahrain · Djibouti · Egypt · Iran · Iraq · Israel · Jordan · Kuwait · Lebanon · Libya · Malta · Morocco · Oman · Pakistan · Qatar · Saudi Arabia · Syria · Tunisia · United Arab Emirates · West Bank and Gaza · Yemen
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
- Fiscal year: the IMF reports this economy by fiscal year (latest actual: FY2024/25), so IMF numbers can differ from calendar-year World Bank figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)