Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan · High income
Bahrain: the economy in numbers
Per person: $30,597, or $70,997 at purchasing power parity. Population: 1.6 million (2025).
$49B+3.5%real GDP growth, 2025
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #99 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: −11.3%.
GDP per capita
$30,597
2025 · #55 of 204
GDP per capita, PPP
$70,997
2025 · #29 of 197
Inflation
−0.1%
2025 · IMF forecast 2026: 2.2%
Government debt
133.7%
2024 · % of GDP, general government
Population
1.6M
2025 · #152 of 217
Unemployment
1.1%
2025 · ILO estimate
Stock market capitalization
43.5%
2025 · % of GDP · $21.3B
Life expectancy
81.4 years
2024
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $3.25 billion in 1970, $49 billion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $14,456 per person in 1970, $30,597 in 2025.
GDP per capitaGDP per capita, PPP (international $)
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 2.7% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1971: 6 of 55.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose by 44.4% from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 24.4% in 1974.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1990: 133.7% of GDP in 2024. IMF forecast for 2031: 161.6%.
General government (IMF)Central government only (World Bank)
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2025 listed domestic companies were worth $21.3 billion, or 43.5% of GDP.
Population
1960: 165,477 · 2025: 1.6 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 1.0% · 2025: 1.1%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 50.6 years · 2024: 81.4 years.
Exports of goods and services
1980: 109.1% · 2024: 87.5%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 3.1%f | 2.0%f | 161.6%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 2.9%f | 2.0%f | 158.7%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 2.9%f | 1.8%f | 155.1%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 5.2%f | 1.6%f | 152.0%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 13.9%f | 1.5%f | 150.3%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | −11.3%f | 2.2%f | 162.8%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $49B | $30,597 | $70,997 | 3.5% | −0.1% | 144.3%e | 1.6M | 1.1% | 43.5% | ||
| 2024 | $47.2B | $29,717 | $67,230 | 2.9% | 0.9% | 133.7% | 1.59M | 1.1% | 43.2% | 81.4 | 87.5% |
| 2023 | $46.2B | $29,290 | $64,224 | 3.9% | 0.1% | 123.0% | 1.58M | 1.0% | 44.6% | 81.3 | 87.4% |
| 2022 | $46.5B | $30,471 | $61,668 | 6.2% | 3.6% | 111.6% | 1.52M | 1.3% | 65.1% | 81.0 | 96.0% |
| 2021 | $40.8B | $27,148 | $54,955 | 4.4% | −0.6% | 122.3% | 1.5M | 1.5% | 70.2% | 78.1 | 86.3% |
| 2020 | $35.8B | $24,343 | $53,436 | −5.9% | −2.3% | 125.7% | 1.47M | 1.8% | 68.7% | 78.7 | 70.5% |
| 2019 | $40.4B | $27,260 | $56,600 | 2.1% | 1.0% | 97.1% | 1.48M | 1.2% | 66.5% | 80.5 | 73.1% |
| 2018 | $39.6B | $26,324 | $51,993 | 2.1% | 2.1% | 90.4% | 1.5M | 1.2% | 55.3% | 80.4 | 75.7% |
| 2017 | $37.2B | $24,785 | $50,185 | 5.0% | 1.4% | 84.0% | 1.5M | 1.2% | 58.3% | 80.4 | 72.3% |
| 2016 | $33.9B | $23,800 | $47,429 | 3.8% | 2.8% | 77.4% | 1.42M | 1.2% | 57.2% | 80.4 | 70.6% |
| 2015 | $32.5B | $23,734 | $48,034 | 2.5% | 1.8% | 63.2% | 1.37M | 1.2% | 59.2% | 80.3 | 79.3% |
| 2014 | $34.8B | $26,452 | $54,299 | 4.3% | 2.6% | 42.6% | 1.31M | 1.1% | 63.5% | 80.2 | 92.2% |
| 2013 | $33.8B | $26,990 | $56,310 | 5.3% | 3.3% | 42.3% | 1.25M | 1.2% | 80.0 | 100.8% | |
| 2012 | $32B | $26,439 | $56,713 | 3.8% | 2.8% | 34.8% | 1.21M | 1.2% | 79.6 | 98.3% | |
| 2011 | $29.9B | $25,033 | $52,677 | 1.9% | −0.4% | 31.6% | 1.2M | 1.2% | 55.5% | 79.1 | 95.6% |
| 2010 | $26.8B | $21,819 | $49,255 | 4.3% | 2.0% | 28.8% | 1.23M | 1.1% | 74.8% | 78.6 | 66.7% |
| 2009 | $22.9B | $19,465 | $48,626 | 2.5% | 2.8% | 20.5% | 1.18M | 1.1% | 70.9% | 78.0 | 68.5% |
| 2008 | $25.7B | $23,299 | $50,330 | 6.2% | 3.5% | 12.1% | 1.1M | 1.0% | 77.6% | 77.5 | 82.6% |
| 2007 | $21.7B | $20,908 | $49,347 | 8.3% | 3.3% | 15.7% | 1.04M | 1.0% | 124.7% | 77.0 | 79.7% |
| 2006 | $18.5B | $19,267 | $48,009 | 6.5% | 2.0% | 19.4% | 960K | 1.0% | 114.1% | 76.5 | 84.6% |
| 2005 | $16B | $17,966 | $47,268 | 6.8% | 2.6% | 23.2% | 889K | 1.0% | 108.7% | 76.1 | 83.9% |
| 2004 | $13.2B | $15,964 | $46,317 | 7.0% | 2.4% | 28.2% | 824K | 1.1% | 103.0% | 75.8 | 78.6% |
| 2003 | $11.1B | $14,486 | $45,427 | 6.3% | 1.6% | 31.1% | 765K | 1.1% | 86.9% | 75.5 | 72.1% |
| 2002 | $9.59B | $13,501 | $45,091 | 3.3% | −0.5% | 27.2% | 711K | 1.1% | 78.0% | 75.2 | 72.5% |
| 2001 | $8.98B | $13,573 | $46,162 | 2.5% | −1.2% | 25.0% | 661K | 1.1% | 73.5% | 74.9 | 73.6% |
| 2000 | $9.06B | $14,214 | $45,688 | 5.3% | −0.7% | 24.7% | 638K | 1.1% | 73.1% | 74.7 | 79.2% |
| 1999 | $7.53B | $12,123 | $43,561 | 4.3% | −1.3% | 24.7% | 621K | 1.1% | 95.1% | 74.4 | 69.4% |
| 1998 | $7.03B | $11,625 | $42,281 | 4.8% | −0.4% | 20.0% | 605K | 1.1% | 96.3% | 74.1 | 56.8% |
| 1997 | $7.22B | $12,255 | $40,965 | 3.1% | 2.4% | 14.8% | 589K | 1.1% | 108.5% | 73.9 | 69.5% |
| 1996 | $6.94B | $12,092 | $40,106 | 4.1% | −0.5% | 13.1% | 574K | 1.2% | 67.9% | 73.6 | 77.3% |
| 1995 | $6.65B | $11,901 | $38,839 | 3.9% | 2.7% | 13.6% | 559K | 1.0% | 73.4 | 72.1% | |
| 1994 | $6.33B | $11,629 | $37,579 | −0.3% | 0.8% | 5.6% | 544K | 1.0% | 73.1 | 71.4% | |
| 1993 | $5.91B | $11,152 | $37,870 | 12.9% | 2.5% | 5.9% | 530K | 0.9% | 72.9 | 73.8% | |
| 1992 | $5.4B | $10,460 | $33,648 | 6.7% | −0.2% | 6.5% | 516K | 1.0% | 72.8 | 74.2% | |
| 1991 | $5.25B | $10,434 | $31,657 | 11.2% | 0.8% | 6.7% | 503K | 1.0% | 72.7 | 74.8% | |
| 1990 | $4.81B | $9,343 | $26,902 | 4.4% | 0.9% | 7.2% | 515K | 72.6 | 101.6% | ||
| 1989 | $4.39B | $8,833 | 0.4% | 1.5% | 497K | 72.5 | 86.8% | ||||
| 1988 | $4.21B | $8,772 | 7.0% | 0.3% | 480K | 72.5 | 83.8% | ||||
| 1987 | $3.86B | $8,333 | 10.4% | −1.7% | 463K | 72.4 | 90.0% | ||||
| 1986 | $3.47B | $7,777 | 1.2% | −2.3% | 446K | 72.3 | 86.8% | ||||
| 1985 | $4.15B | $9,649 | −4.8% | −2.6% | 430K | 72.1 | 89.5% | ||||
| 1984 | $4.44B | $10,697 | 5.0% | 0.3% | 415K | 71.9 | 84.9% | ||||
| 1983 | $4.25B | $10,599 | 6.4% | 3.0% | 401K | 71.6 | 85.0% | ||||
| 1982 | $4.15B | $10,712 | −7.6% | 8.9% | 387K | 71.4 | 104.6% | ||||
| 1981 | $3.94B | $10,557 | −5.3% | 11.3% | 374K | 71.0 | 115.3% | ||||
| 1980 | $3.49B | $9,733 | 2.6% | 3.9% | 359K | 70.7 | 109.1% | ||||
| 1979 | $2.71B | $7,891 | 3.5% | 2.2% | 343K | 70.3 | |||||
| 1978 | $2.27B | $6,926 | 3.9% | 15.8% | 328K | 69.8 | |||||
| 1977 | $1.99B | $6,358 | 13.0% | 17.7% | 313K | 69.4 | |||||
| 1976 | $1.58B | $5,310 | 30.5% | 22.5% | 298K | 68.9 | |||||
| 1975 | $1.1B | $3,880 | −8.8% | 16.2% | 283K | 68.3 | |||||
| 1974 | $1.04B | $3,874 | 8.5% | 24.4% | 269K | 67.6 | |||||
| 1973 | $761M | $2,981 | 13.9% | 14.3% | 255K | 66.9 | |||||
| 1972 | $534M | $2,206 | 11.1% | 5.1% | 242K | 66.1 | |||||
| 1971 | $422M | $1,830 | 1.6% | 5.8% | 231K | 65.3 | |||||
| 1970 | $392M | $1,742 | 1.6% | 225K | 64.4 | ||||||
| 1969 | −0.2% | 222K | 63.4 | ||||||||
| 1968 | 3.3% | 219K | 62.3 | ||||||||
| 1967 | 4.3% | 214K | 61.0 | ||||||||
| 1966 | 2.1% | 208K | 59.7 | ||||||||
| 1965 | 201K | 58.4 | |||||||||
| 1964 | 194K | 56.9 | |||||||||
| 1963 | 187K | 55.4 | |||||||||
| 1962 | 179K | 53.9 | |||||||||
| 1961 | 172K | 52.3 | |||||||||
| 1960 | 165K | 50.6 |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Afghanistan · Algeria · Bahrain · Djibouti · Egypt · Iran · Iraq · Israel · Jordan · Kuwait · Lebanon · Libya · Malta · Morocco · Oman · Pakistan · Qatar · Saudi Arabia · Syria · Tunisia · United Arab Emirates · West Bank and Gaza · Yemen
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)