East Asia & Pacific · High income
Australia: the economy in numbers
Per person: $65,130, or $71,934 at purchasing power parity. Population: 27.6 million (2025).
$1.8T+1.4%real GDP growth, 2025
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #15 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +1.9%.
GDP per capita
$65,130
2025 · #19 of 204
GDP per capita, PPP
$71,934
2025 · #28 of 197
Inflation
2.9%
2025 · IMF forecast 2026: 3.9%
Government debt
51.9%
2025 · % of GDP, general government
Population
27.6M
2025 · #55 of 217
Unemployment
4.1%
2025 · ILO estimate
Stock market capitalization
113.9%
2025 · % of GDP · $2.05T
Life expectancy
83.1 years
2024
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $203 billion in 1960, $1.8 trillion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $19,757 per person in 1960, $65,130 in 2025.
GDP per capitaGDP per capita, PPP (international $)
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 2.2% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 3 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose by 99.6% from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 15.4% in 1974.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1989: 56.9% of GDP in 2020. IMF forecast for 2031: 54.3%.
General government (IMF)Central government only (World Bank)
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2025 listed domestic companies were worth $2.05 trillion, or 113.9% of GDP.
Population
1960: 10.3 million · 2025: 27.6 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 9.6% · 2025: 4.1%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 70.8 years · 2024: 83.1 years.
Exports of goods and services
1960: 13.0% · 2025: 23.2%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 2.2%f | 2.5%f | 54.3%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 2.1%f | 2.5%f | 54.3%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 2.0%f | 2.5%f | 54.1%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 1.8%f | 2.5%f | 53.7%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 1.6%f | 3.1%f | 53.2%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 1.9%f | 3.9%f | 52.6%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $1.8T | $65,130 | $71,934 | 1.4% | 2.9% | 51.9% | 27.6M | 4.1% | 113.9% | 23.2% | |
| 2024 | $1.76T | $64,610 | $72,118 | 1.4% | 3.2% | 50.9% | 27.2M | 3.9% | 98.9% | 83.1 | 24.6% |
| 2023 | $1.73T | $65,058 | $72,273 | 3.6% | 5.6% | 49.4% | 26.7M | 3.7% | 103.1% | 83.1 | 26.7% |
| 2022 | $1.7T | $65,170 | $66,103 | 4.3% | 6.6% | 50.0% | 26M | 3.7% | 99.0% | 83.2 | 25.5% |
| 2021 | $1.56T | $60,759 | $58,327 | 2.0% | 2.9% | 55.4% | 25.7M | 5.0% | 120.9% | 83.3 | 22.0% |
| 2020 | $1.33T | $51,983 | $54,184 | −0.1% | 0.8% | 56.9% | 25.6M | 6.4% | 129.0% | 83.2 | 23.9% |
| 2019 | $1.4T | $55,195 | $52,886 | 2.2% | 1.6% | 46.5% | 25.3M | 5.1% | 106.4% | 82.9 | 24.1% |
| 2018 | $1.43T | $57,410 | $50,371 | 2.9% | 1.9% | 41.6% | 25M | 5.3% | 88.1% | 82.7 | 21.8% |
| 2017 | $1.33T | $54,118 | $48,565 | 2.3% | 1.9% | 41.0% | 24.6M | 5.6% | 113.3% | 82.5 | 21.2% |
| 2016 | $1.21T | $50,084 | $47,446 | 2.8% | 1.3% | 40.5% | 24.2M | 5.7% | 104.7% | 82.4 | 19.2% |
| 2015 | $1.36T | $56,970 | $46,465 | 2.2% | 1.5% | 37.6% | 23.8M | 6.1% | 87.5% | 82.4 | 20.0% |
| 2014 | $1.47T | $62,817 | $47,109 | 2.6% | 2.5% | 33.9% | 23.5M | 6.1% | 87.4% | 82.3 | 21.0% |
| 2013 | $1.58T | $68,477 | $46,123 | 2.7% | 2.4% | 30.3% | 23.1M | 5.7% | 86.2% | 82.1 | 19.9% |
| 2012 | $1.55T | $68,301 | $43,007 | 4.0% | 1.8% | 27.4% | 22.7M | 5.2% | 89.3% | 82.0 | 21.4% |
| 2011 | $1.4T | $62,799 | $42,153 | 2.4% | 3.3% | 24.0% | 22.3M | 5.1% | 85.4% | 81.9 | 21.4% |
| 2010 | $1.15T | $52,314 | $39,504 | 2.2% | 2.9% | 20.3% | 22M | 5.2% | 126.2% | 81.7 | 19.7% |
| 2009 | $932B | $42,955 | $40,434 | 2.0% | 1.8% | 16.6% | 21.7M | 5.6% | 135.4% | 81.5 | 22.9% |
| 2008 | $1.06T | $49,811 | $37,616 | 3.6% | 4.4% | 11.7% | 21.2M | 4.2% | 64.6% | 81.4 | 20.1% |
| 2007 | $857B | $41,128 | $36,708 | 3.8% | 2.3% | 9.6% | 20.8M | 4.4% | 151.6% | 81.3 | 20.1% |
| 2006 | $750B | $36,659 | $34,890 | 2.8% | 3.6% | 9.9% | 20.5M | 4.8% | 146.2% | 81.0 | 19.8% |
| 2005 | $697B | $34,535 | $33,090 | 3.2% | 2.7% | 10.8% | 20.2M | 5.0% | 115.4% | 80.8 | 18.2% |
| 2004 | $616B | $30,886 | $31,815 | 4.2% | 2.3% | 11.9% | 19.9M | 5.4% | 126.1% | 80.5 | 17.1% |
| 2003 | $469B | $23,758 | $30,167 | 3.1% | 2.7% | 13.2% | 19.7M | 5.9% | 125.0% | 80.2 | 19.0% |
| 2002 | $396B | $20,335 | $29,080 | 3.9% | 3.0% | 15.0% | 19.5M | 6.4% | 95.9% | 79.9 | 20.7% |
| 2001 | $380B | $19,734 | $27,688 | 2.0% | 4.4% | 17.1% | 19.3M | 6.7% | 98.6% | 79.6 | 22.1% |
| 2000 | $417B | $21,909 | $26,585 | 3.9% | 4.5% | 19.5% | 19M | 6.3% | 89.4% | 79.2 | 19.4% |
| 1999 | $390B | $20,750 | $25,531 | 5.0% | 1.5% | 22.5% | 18.8M | 6.9% | 109.6% | 78.9 | 18.3% |
| 1998 | $400B | $21,516 | $24,386 | 4.7% | 0.9% | 23.7% | 18.6M | 7.7% | 82.2% | 78.6 | 19.5% |
| 1997 | $436B | $23,683 | $23,142 | 3.9% | 0.2% | 25.9% | 18.4M | 8.4% | 67.8% | 78.5 | 19.1% |
| 1996 | $402B | $22,056 | $22,134 | 3.9% | 2.6% | 29.3% | 18.2M | 8.5% | 77.7% | 78.1 | 18.9% |
| 1995 | $369B | $20,479 | $21,050 | 3.9% | 4.6% | 31.1% | 18M | 8.5% | 66.5% | 77.8 | 17.8% |
| 1994 | $323B | $18,156 | $20,174 | 4.0% | 2.0% | 31.7% | 17.8M | 9.7% | 67.7% | 77.9 | 17.9% |
| 1993 | $313B | $17,725 | $19,220 | 4.0% | 1.8% | 30.6% | 17.6M | 10.9% | 65.4% | 77.9 | 17.5% |
| 1992 | $326B | $18,650 | $18,259 | 0.4% | 1.0% | 27.6% | 17.5M | 10.7% | 41.5% | 77.4 | 16.6% |
| 1991 | $326B | $18,885 | $17,839 | −0.4% | 3.2% | 21.6% | 17.3M | 9.6% | 44.4% | 77.3 | 16.0% |
| 1990 | $312B | $18,274 | $17,385 | 3.6% | 7.3% | 16.4% | 17.1M | 34.6% | 77.0 | 15.1% | |
| 1989 | $300B | $17,858 | 3.9% | 7.5% | 17.0% | 16.8M | 46.7% | 76.7 | 15.1% | ||
| 1988 | $236B | $14,303 | 5.8% | 7.2% | 16.5M | 58.2% | 76.4 | 15.9% | |||
| 1987 | $190B | $11,666 | 2.6% | 8.5% | 16.3M | 81.4% | 76.2 | 15.4% | |||
| 1986 | $183B | $11,406 | 4.0% | 9.1% | 16M | 65.3% | 75.9 | 15.0% | |||
| 1985 | $181B | $11,455 | 5.3% | 6.7% | 15.8M | 32.8% | 75.6 | 15.2% | |||
| 1984 | $194B | $12,436 | 4.6% | 4.0% | 15.6M | 25.8% | 75.4 | 13.5% | |||
| 1983 | $178B | $11,532 | −2.2% | 10.0% | 15.4M | 30.4% | 75.1 | 13.6% | |||
| 1982 | $194B | $12,798 | 3.3% | 11.4% | 15.2M | 21.4% | 74.9 | 13.5% | |||
| 1981 | $177B | $11,871 | 3.3% | 9.5% | 14.9M | 30.7% | 74.7 | 14.9% | |||
| 1980 | $150B | $10,223 | 3.0% | 10.1% | 14.7M | 39.7% | 74.3 | 16.4% | |||
| 1979 | $135B | $9,308 | 4.1% | 9.1% | 14.5M | 28.8% | 74.0 | 14.3% | |||
| 1978 | $119B | $8,264 | 0.9% | 8.0% | 14.4M | 73.7 | 13.6% | ||||
| 1977 | $111B | $7,786 | 3.6% | 12.3% | 14.2M | 73.3 | 14.0% | ||||
| 1976 | $105B | $7,497 | 2.6% | 13.3% | 14M | 73.0 | 13.5% | ||||
| 1975 | $97.4B | $7,014 | 1.3% | 15.2% | 13.9M | 72.6 | 14.2% | ||||
| 1974 | $89.1B | $6,492 | 4.1% | 15.4% | 13.7M | 72.2 | 13.1% | ||||
| 1973 | $63.9B | $4,778 | 2.6% | 9.1% | 13.4M | 71.8 | 14.1% | ||||
| 1972 | $52.1B | $3,955 | 3.9% | 6.0% | 13.2M | 71.5 | 12.8% | ||||
| 1971 | $45.3B | $3,500 | 4.0% | 6.1% | 12.9M | 71.1 | 12.6% | ||||
| 1970 | $41.4B | $3,310 | 7.2% | 3.4% | 12.5M | 71.0 | 12.9% | ||||
| 1969 | $36.7B | $2,996 | 7.0% | 3.3% | 12.3M | 71.0 | 11.9% | ||||
| 1968 | $32.8B | $2,728 | 5.1% | 2.5% | 12M | 70.9 | 12.3% | ||||
| 1967 | $30.5B | $2,584 | 6.3% | 3.5% | 11.8M | 70.9 | 12.8% | ||||
| 1966 | $27.3B | $2,347 | 2.4% | 3.3% | 11.7M | 70.8 | 12.9% | ||||
| 1965 | $26B | $2,284 | 6.0% | 3.4% | 11.4M | 70.9 | 13.2% | ||||
| 1964 | $23.8B | $2,134 | 7.0% | 2.9% | 11.2M | 70.9 | 14.9% | ||||
| 1963 | $21.6B | $1,970 | 6.2% | 0.6% | 10.9M | 70.9 | 13.0% | ||||
| 1962 | $20B | $1,858 | 1.3% | −0.3% | 10.7M | 70.9 | 13.9% | ||||
| 1961 | $19.7B | $1,880 | 2.5% | 2.3% | 10.5M | 71.0 | 12.4% | ||||
| 1960 | $18.6B | $1,813 | 3.7% | 10.3M | 70.8 | 13.0% |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in East Asia & Pacific
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
American Samoa · Australia · Brunei · Cambodia · China · Fiji · French Polynesia · Guam · Hong Kong · Indonesia · Japan · Kiribati · Laos · Macao · Malaysia · Marshall Islands · Micronesia · Mongolia · Myanmar · Nauru · New Caledonia · New Zealand · North Korea · Northern Mariana Islands · Palau · Papua New Guinea · Philippines · Samoa · Singapore · Solomon Islands · South Korea · Thailand · Timor-Leste · Tonga · Tuvalu · Vanuatu · Vietnam
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)