North America · High income
Canada: the economy in numbers
Per person: $55,698, or $66,746 at purchasing power parity. Population: 41.7 million (2025).
$2.32T+1.7%real GDP growth, 2025
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #10 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +1.1%.
GDP per capita
$55,698
2025 · #30 of 204
GDP per capita, PPP
$66,746
2025 · #30 of 197
Inflation
2.1%
2025 · IMF forecast 2026: 2.8%
Government debt
113.6%
2025 · % of GDP, general government
Population
41.7M
2025 · #38 of 217
Unemployment
6.9%
2025 · ILO estimate
Stock market capitalization
199.2%
2025 · % of GDP · $4.62T
Life expectancy
82.1 years
2024
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $442 billion in 1960, $2.32 trillion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $24,676 per person in 1960, $55,698 in 2025.
GDP per capitaGDP per capita, PPP (international $)
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 2.0% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1961: 4 of 65.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose by 72.1% from 2000 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 12.5% in 1981.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1980: 118.1% of GDP in 2020. IMF forecast for 2031: 107.0%.
General government (IMF)Central government only (World Bank)
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Stock market capitalization, % of GDP
In 2025 listed domestic companies were worth $4.62 trillion, or 199.2% of GDP.
Population
1960: 17.9 million · 2025: 41.7 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 10.3% · 2025: 6.9%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 71.1 years · 2024: 82.1 years.
Exports of goods and services
1961: 17.6% · 2025: 31.3%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Stock market, % GDP | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 1.8%f | 2.0%f | 107.0%f | ||||||||
| 2030 | 1.7%f | 2.0%f | 108.8%f | ||||||||
| 2029 | 1.7%f | 2.0%f | 110.4%f | ||||||||
| 2028 | 1.7%f | 2.0%f | 111.8%f | ||||||||
| 2027 | 1.7%f | 2.4%f | 113.4%f | ||||||||
| 2026 | 1.1%f | 2.8%f | 115.6%f | ||||||||
| 2025 | $2.32T | $55,698 | $66,746 | 1.7% | 2.1% | 113.6% | 41.7M | 6.9% | 199.2% | 31.3% | |
| 2024 | $2.27T | $55,016 | $65,483 | 2.0% | 2.4% | 110.0% | 41.3M | 6.4% | 148.7% | 82.1 | 32.5% |
| 2023 | $2.2T | $54,848 | $64,962 | 2.0% | 3.9% | 105.1% | 40M | 5.4% | 141.1% | 81.6 | 33.3% |
| 2022 | $2.2T | $56,497 | $64,217 | 4.7% | 6.8% | 103.5% | 39M | 5.3% | 125.5% | 81.1 | 33.7% |
| 2021 | $2.02T | $52,887 | $56,995 | 6.0% | 3.4% | 112.6% | 38.2M | 7.5% | 163.3% | 81.5 | 31.2% |
| 2020 | $1.66T | $43,538 | $48,591 | −5.0% | 0.7% | 118.1% | 38M | 9.7% | 159.5% | 81.5 | 29.5% |
| 2019 | $1.74T | $46,353 | $50,499 | 1.9% | 1.9% | 90.1% | 37.6M | 5.7% | 138.2% | 82.2 | 32.4% |
| 2018 | $1.73T | $46,539 | $49,983 | 2.7% | 2.3% | 90.8% | 37.1M | 5.8% | 112.3% | 81.8 | 32.3% |
| 2017 | $1.65T | $45,130 | $48,318 | 3.0% | 1.6% | 91.0% | 36.5M | 6.4% | 143.5% | 81.8 | 31.5% |
| 2016 | $1.53T | $42,314 | $46,471 | 1.0% | 1.4% | 92.5% | 36.1M | 7.0% | 130.5% | 81.9 | 31.5% |
| 2015 | $1.56T | $43,594 | $44,668 | 0.6% | 1.1% | 92.3% | 35.7M | 6.9% | 102.4% | 81.8 | 31.8% |
| 2014 | $1.81T | $50,961 | $45,758 | 2.9% | 1.9% | 85.8% | 35.4M | 7.0% | 116.0% | 81.8 | 31.7% |
| 2013 | $1.85T | $52,638 | $44,301 | 2.3% | 0.9% | 87.7% | 35.1M | 7.1% | 114.5% | 81.7 | 30.3% |
| 2012 | $1.83T | $52,670 | $42,292 | 1.8% | 1.5% | 87.0% | 34.7M | 7.4% | 112.7% | 81.7 | 30.4% |
| 2011 | $1.79T | $52,224 | $41,667 | 3.1% | 2.9% | 84.3% | 34.3M | 7.6% | 106.7% | 81.5 | 30.7% |
| 2010 | $1.62T | $47,561 | $40,103 | 3.1% | 1.8% | 84.0% | 34M | 8.2% | 134.2% | 81.3 | 29.2% |
| 2009 | $1.37T | $40,875 | $38,863 | −2.9% | 0.3% | 81.8% | 33.6M | 8.5% | 122.0% | 81.1 | 28.5% |
| 2008 | $1.55T | $46,710 | $40,376 | 1.0% | 2.4% | 70.4% | 33.2M | 6.3% | 66.6% | 80.7 | 34.4% |
| 2007 | $1.47T | $44,660 | $39,573 | 2.0% | 2.1% | 67.2% | 32.9M | 6.2% | 148.9% | 80.5 | 34.2% |
| 2006 | $1.32T | $40,505 | $38,123 | 2.6% | 2.0% | 69.9% | 32.6M | 6.5% | 128.9% | 80.5 | 35.4% |
| 2005 | $1.17T | $36,384 | $36,329 | 3.2% | 2.2% | 70.6% | 32.2M | 6.8% | 126.3% | 80.1 | 36.9% |
| 2004 | $1.03T | $32,146 | $33,929 | 3.1% | 1.9% | 71.9% | 31.9M | 7.2% | 114.7% | 80.0 | 37.3% |
| 2003 | $896B | $28,302 | $32,350 | 1.8% | 2.8% | 75.9% | 31.6M | 7.6% | 101.6% | 79.7 | 36.9% |
| 2002 | $761B | $24,256 | $30,964 | 3.0% | 2.3% | 79.6% | 31.4M | 7.7% | 116.8% | 79.5 | 40.1% |
| 2001 | $739B | $23,822 | $30,241 | 1.9% | 2.5% | 81.5% | 31M | 7.2% | 83.3% | 79.4 | 42.0% |
| 2000 | $745B | $24,271 | $29,348 | 5.1% | 2.7% | 80.4% | 30.7M | 6.8% | 103.5% | 79.2 | 44.2% |
| 1999 | $678B | $22,315 | $27,841 | 5.1% | 1.7% | 89.0% | 30.4M | 7.6% | 213.5% | 78.8 | 41.9% |
| 1998 | $634B | $21,025 | $26,324 | 3.9% | 1.0% | 93.3% | 30.2M | 8.3% | 170.7% | 78.6 | 40.0% |
| 1997 | $655B | $21,902 | $25,264 | 4.3% | 1.6% | 95.3% | 29.9M | 9.1% | 154.3% | 78.4 | 38.1% |
| 1996 | $631B | $21,297 | $24,055 | 1.7% | 1.6% | 100.2% | 29.6M | 9.6% | 139.5% | 78.2 | 37.1% |
| 1995 | $606B | $20,680 | $23,474 | 2.7% | 2.1% | 100.1% | 29.3M | 9.5% | 110.9% | 78.0 | 36.1% |
| 1994 | $580B | $19,998 | $22,624 | 4.5% | 0.2% | 97.5% | 29M | 10.4% | 99.3% | 77.9 | 32.8% |
| 1993 | $579B | $20,187 | $21,432 | 2.7% | 1.9% | 94.7% | 28.7M | 11.4% | 102.8% | 77.7 | 29.1% |
| 1992 | $594B | $20,950 | $20,619 | 0.9% | 1.5% | 88.2% | 28.4M | 11.2% | 77.0% | 77.8 | 26.2% |
| 1991 | $613B | $21,847 | $20,220 | −2.1% | 5.6% | 81.7% | 28M | 10.3% | 83.0% | 77.6 | 24.4% |
| 1990 | $596B | $21,526 | $20,226 | 0.2% | 4.8% | 73.7% | 27.7M | 76.9% | 77.4 | 25.1% | |
| 1989 | $567B | $20,795 | 2.3% | 5.0% | 71.0% | 27.3M | 95.8% | 77.1 | 25.0% | ||
| 1988 | $509B | $19,013 | 4.4% | 4.0% | 69.7% | 26.8M | 87.7% | 76.9 | 26.1% | ||
| 1987 | $433B | $16,378 | 4.1% | 4.4% | 69.8% | 26.4M | 93.6% | 76.8 | 26.0% | ||
| 1986 | $379B | $14,521 | 2.1% | 4.2% | 69.3% | 26.1M | 88.9% | 76.5 | 27.0% | ||
| 1985 | $366B | $14,170 | 4.7% | 4.0% | 65.2% | 25.8M | 80.0% | 76.3 | 27.5% | ||
| 1984 | $357B | $13,930 | 5.9% | 4.3% | 60.2% | 25.6M | 69.1% | 76.3 | 27.9% | ||
| 1983 | $342B | $13,477 | 2.6% | 5.9% | 57.2% | 25.4M | 75.4% | 76.1 | 24.9% | ||
| 1982 | $315B | $12,527 | −3.2% | 10.8% | 51.7% | 25.1M | 65.8% | 75.7 | 25.2% | ||
| 1981 | $307B | $12,379 | 3.4% | 12.5% | 46.1% | 24.8M | 75.5 | 26.4% | |||
| 1980 | $275B | $11,208 | 2.2% | 10.1% | 44.6% | 24.5M | 104.0% | 75.1 | 27.5% | ||
| 1979 | $244B | $10,078 | 3.7% | 9.1% | 24.2M | 98.0% | 74.9 | 26.3% | |||
| 1978 | $219B | $9,154 | 3.7% | 9.0% | 24M | 81.9% | 74.5 | 24.5% | |||
| 1977 | $212B | $8,949 | 3.5% | 8.0% | 23.7M | 81.9% | 74.2 | 22.7% | |||
| 1976 | $207B | $8,839 | 5.9% | 7.5% | 23.4M | 73.9 | 21.7% | ||||
| 1975 | $174B | $7,537 | 1.5% | 10.7% | 23.1M | 73.5 | 22.0% | ||||
| 1974 | $161B | $7,057 | 3.4% | 11.0% | 22.8M | 73.2 | 24.0% | ||||
| 1973 | $132B | $5,858 | 6.7% | 7.5% | 22.5M | 73.2 | 22.7% | ||||
| 1972 | $113B | $5,107 | 5.5% | 5.0% | 22.2M | 72.9 | 21.2% | ||||
| 1971 | $99.6B | $4,535 | 4.0% | 2.7% | 22M | 73.0 | 21.0% | ||||
| 1970 | $88.2B | $4,136 | 2.9% | 3.3% | 21.3M | 72.7 | 21.8% | ||||
| 1969 | $79.4B | $3,776 | 5.1% | 4.6% | 21M | 72.5 | 20.8% | ||||
| 1968 | $72B | $3,473 | 5.0% | 4.1% | 20.7M | 72.4 | 20.8% | ||||
| 1967 | $65.9B | $3,226 | 3.1% | 3.6% | 20.4M | 72.2 | 19.9% | ||||
| 1966 | $61.3B | $3,055 | 6.8% | 3.8% | 20M | 72.0 | 19.1% | ||||
| 1965 | $54.6B | $2,777 | 6.3% | 2.3% | 19.7M | 71.9 | 18.3% | ||||
| 1964 | $49.5B | $2,562 | 6.7% | 1.9% | 19.3M | 71.8 | 19.0% | ||||
| 1963 | $45.1B | $2,380 | 5.3% | 1.6% | 19M | 71.4 | 17.9% | ||||
| 1962 | $42.3B | $2,274 | 7.4% | 1.1% | 18.6M | 71.4 | 17.6% | ||||
| 1961 | $41B | $2,246 | 3.2% | 1.0% | 18.3M | 71.3 | 17.6% | ||||
| 1960 | $40.6B | $2,265 | 1.4% | 17.9M | 71.1 |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast.
Nearby economies in North America
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Bermuda · Canada · United States
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)