Sub-Saharan Africa · Low income
Mozambique: the economy in numbers
Per person: $627, or $1,698 at purchasing power parity. Population: 35.6 million (2025).
GDP in 2025, current US dollars: #127 of 204 economies. IMF forecast for 2026: +1.0%.
GDP
Adjusted for US inflation, in 2025 dollars: $9.12 billion in 1991, $22.3 billion in 2025.
GDP per capita
In 2025 dollars: $683 per person in 1991, $627 in 2025.
Real GDP growth
Average over 2016–2025: 2.6% a year. Years of falling GDP since 1980: 7 of 46.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Inflation
Consumer prices rose 4.5 times from 2004 to 2025. Highest annual inflation: 164.1% in 1987. Years with inflation above 100%: 1. The chart cuts the scale at 100%; “Full scale” shows everything.
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)
Government debt, % of GDP
Highest since 1999: 124.8% of GDP in 2016. IMF forecast for 2031: 98.7%.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Population
1960: 6.71 million · 2025: 35.6 million.
Unemployment rate
1991: 2.8% · 2025: 6.6%.
Life expectancy at birth
1960: 41.2 years · 2024: 63.8 years.
Exports of goods and services
1991: 8.0% · 2025: 41.4%.
Data by year
Show the year-by-year table
| Year | GDP | GDP per capita | Per capita, PPP | Real growth | Inflation | Gov. debt, % GDP | Population | Unemployment | Life expectancy | Exports, % GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2031 | 13.1%f | 5.0%f | 98.7%f | |||||||
| 2030 | 9.8%f | 5.0%f | 108.8%f | |||||||
| 2029 | 3.1%f | 5.0%f | 109.8%f | |||||||
| 2028 | 2.6%f | 5.2%f | 104.8%f | |||||||
| 2027 | 2.0%f | 6.8%f | 98.6%f | |||||||
| 2026 | 1.0%f | 5.6%f | 91.0%f | |||||||
| 2025 | $22.3B | $627 | $1,698 | −0.5% | 4.4% | 90.3%e | 35.6M | 6.6% | 41.4% | |
| 2024 | $22.8B | $657 | $1,708 | 2.1% | 4.1% | 91.2%e | 34.6M | 6.7% | 63.8 | 42.8% |
| 2023 | $20.9B | $622 | $1,680 | 5.5% | 7.1% | 90.8% | 33.6M | 6.7% | 63.6 | 45.6% |
| 2022 | $18.9B | $578 | $1,582 | 4.4% | 10.3% | 97.3% | 32.7M | 6.8% | 63.0 | 49.8% |
| 2021 | $16.2B | $510 | $1,457 | 2.4% | 6.4% | 101.4% | 31.7M | 5.4% | 60.3 | 40.4% |
| 2020 | $14.2B | $462 | $1,412 | −1.2% | 3.5% | 120.0% | 30.8M | 5.0% | 61.4 | 32.8% |
| 2019 | $15.5B | $519 | $1,389 | 2.3% | 2.8% | 98.3% | 29.9M | 4.5% | 61.3 | 37.1% |
| 2018 | $15B | $518 | $1,326 | 3.5% | 3.9% | 105.5% | 29M | 4.2% | 60.8 | 45.5% |
| 2017 | $13.3B | $471 | $1,283 | 2.6% | 15.1% | 103.8% | 28.2M | 3.9% | 60.1 | 41.0% |
| 2016 | $12.1B | $441 | $1,379 | 4.7% | 17.4% | 124.8% | 27.3M | 3.6% | 59.5 | 35.4% |
| 2015 | $16.2B | $611 | $1,318 | 7.4% | 3.6% | 86.0% | 26.5M | 3.4% | 58.7 | 32.6% |
| 2014 | $18B | $697 | $1,166 | 7.7% | 2.6% | 63.4% | 25.8M | 3.4% | 58.0 | 32.8% |
| 2013 | $17.2B | $687 | $1,114 | 6.6% | 4.3% | 49.5% | 25.1M | 3.3% | 57.2 | 28.0% |
| 2012 | $16.7B | $686 | $1,076 | 8.0% | 2.6% | 36.7% | 24.3M | 3.3% | 56.5 | 30.0% |
| 2011 | $14.6B | $618 | $1,064 | 7.1% | 11.2% | 34.2% | 23.6M | 3.3% | 55.7 | 31.4% |
| 2010 | $11.4B | $496 | $1,000 | 6.7% | 12.4% | 38.6% | 23M | 3.3% | 55.0 | 29.4% |
| 2009 | $12.3B | $548 | $951 | 5.9% | 3.8% | 39.3% | 22.4M | 3.2% | 54.4 | 28.0% |
| 2008 | $12.9B | $592 | $916 | 6.9% | 14.5% | 32.8% | 21.8M | 3.1% | 53.8 | 27.3% |
| 2007 | $10.8B | $508 | $862 | 7.6% | 8.5% | 31.2% | 21.3M | 3.1% | 53.3 | 28.3% |
| 2006 | $9.51B | $457 | $798 | 9.9% | 13.2% | 40.0% | 20.8M | 3.0% | 52.7 | 28.0% |
| 2005 | $8.87B | $437 | $721 | 6.3% | 6.4% | 60.1% | 20.3M | 3.0% | 52.3 | 27.9% |
| 2004 | $7.94B | $400 | $673 | 8.2% | 12.6% | 50.8% | 19.8M | 3.0% | 51.9 | 26.4% |
| 2003 | $6.58B | $339 | $620 | 7.2% | 13.5% | 63.2% | 19.4M | 2.9% | 51.4 | 22.8% |
| 2002 | $5.95B | $314 | $580 | 9.7% | 16.8% | 63.4% | 19M | 2.9% | 50.9 | 21.5% |
| 2001 | $5.65B | $305 | $533 | 12.9% | 9.1% | 99.8% | 18.5M | 2.8% | 50.3 | 18.7% |
| 2000 | $5.93B | $327 | $472 | 0.8% | 12.7% | 95.8% | 18.1M | 2.8% | 49.5 | 11.3% |
| 1999 | $6.29B | $354 | $468 | 11.8% | 2.9% | 94.7% | 17.7M | 2.7% | 48.8 | 8.9% |
| 1998 | $5.55B | $320 | $422 | 10.4% | 1.5% | 17.3M | 2.6% | 48.2 | 9.9% | |
| 1997 | $4.87B | $288 | $387 | 11.8% | 7.4% | 16.9M | 2.7% | 47.8 | 10.7% | |
| 1996 | $4.03B | $244 | $350 | 10.7% | 48.5% | 16.5M | 2.8% | 47.1 | 11.9% | |
| 1995 | $3.06B | $192 | $321 | 2.1% | 47.7% | 16M | 2.8% | 46.5 | 11.4% | |
| 1994 | $2.96B | $197 | $326 | 6.4% | 63.1% | 15M | 2.9% | 46.1 | 10.5% | |
| 1993 | $2.88B | $205 | $321 | 10.9% | 42.3% | 14.1M | 2.9% | 45.7 | 8.2% | |
| 1992 | $2.8B | $206 | $292 | −7.6% | 45.1% | 13.6M | 3.0% | 45.1 | 9.2% | |
| 1991 | $3.85B | $289 | $315 | 4.9% | 33.3% | 13.4M | 2.8% | 44.7 | 8.0% | |
| 1990 | $296 | 1.0% | 43.7% | 13.1M | 44.3 | |||||
| 1989 | 6.5% | 42.1% | 12.9M | 43.9 | ||||||
| 1988 | 8.2% | 58.5% | 12.8M | 43.7 | ||||||
| 1987 | 14.7% | 164.1% | 12.8M | 41.0 | ||||||
| 1986 | −2.3% | 40.5% | 12.8M | 41.0 | ||||||
| 1985 | 1.0% | 30.8% | 12.5M | 39.0 | ||||||
| 1984 | −6.5% | 30.0% | 12.3M | 38.9 | ||||||
| 1983 | −15.7% | 28.2% | 12.1M | 41.6 | ||||||
| 1982 | −6.9% | 17.7% | 11.8M | 41.7 | ||||||
| 1981 | 5.0% | 4.2% | 11.6M | 41.6 | ||||||
| 1980 | 4.2% | 2.0% | 11.3M | 44.0 | ||||||
| 1979 | 11M | 43.9 | ||||||||
| 1978 | 10.6M | 44.0 | ||||||||
| 1977 | 10.2M | 43.9 | ||||||||
| 1976 | 9.87M | 43.9 | ||||||||
| 1975 | 9.54M | 43.8 | ||||||||
| 1974 | 9.24M | 43.2 | ||||||||
| 1973 | 8.95M | 42.7 | ||||||||
| 1972 | 8.69M | 42.5 | ||||||||
| 1971 | 8.46M | 42.6 | ||||||||
| 1970 | 8.25M | 42.5 | ||||||||
| 1969 | 8.07M | 42.3 | ||||||||
| 1968 | 7.89M | 42.1 | ||||||||
| 1967 | 7.72M | 42.0 | ||||||||
| 1966 | 7.56M | 41.8 | ||||||||
| 1965 | 7.41M | 41.8 | ||||||||
| 1964 | 7.26M | 41.7 | ||||||||
| 1963 | 7.11M | 42.0 | ||||||||
| 1962 | 6.97M | 41.8 | ||||||||
| 1961 | 6.83M | 41.5 | ||||||||
| 1960 | 6.71M | 41.2 |
e: IMF estimate; f: IMF forecast. Real growth: IMF data for 1980, World Bank for the other years. Inflation: IMF data for 1980–2004, World Bank for the other years.
Nearby economies in Sub-Saharan Africa
Nearest by distance between capitals, with GDP per capita.
Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cabo Verde · Cameroon · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Côte d’Ivoire · DR Congo · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Eswatini · Ethiopia · Gabon · Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Republic of the Congo · Rwanda · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · South Sudan · Sudan · São Tomé and Príncipe · Tanzania · Togo · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe
Rankings
GDP by country · GDP per capita · Real GDP growth · Inflation by country · Government debt to GDP · Stock market to GDP · Population by country · Unemployment by country
Data and methods
- GDP: gross domestic product in current US dollars, converted from the local currency at market exchange rates (World Bank); not adjusted for inflation.
- Purchasing power parity (PPP): GDP per person in international dollars, which buy the same basket of goods and services in every country. It compares living standards across countries in the same year; it is not adjusted for inflation over time.
- In 2025 dollars: the charts can remove US inflation (US consumer price index, annual average) so that dollar amounts from different years compare in today's money. Exchange rate swings still show.
- Growth and inflation: World Bank data (calendar years). Years the World Bank does not cover yet, and the estimates and forecasts, come from the IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2026): its forecasts start in 2026, and the years after a country's last actual year are IMF estimates.
- Government debt: gross debt of the general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, IMF. The World Bank's central government debt is narrower and covers fewer countries.
- Stock market capitalization: the end-of-year value of domestic companies listed on the country's exchanges (World Federation of Exchanges via the World Bank; before 2016, Standard & Poor's), as a percentage of GDP: the “Buffett indicator”. Investment funds are excluded, and so are companies listed only abroad; companies from elsewhere that list on an exchange count for its country (Hong Kong lists many mainland Chinese companies).
- Unemployment: ILO modeled estimates (share of the labor force); comparable across countries, but they may differ from national figures.
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)